Monetary Policy Frameworks Since Bretton Woods, Across the World and Its Regions

The Comprehensive Monetary Policy Framework (CMPF) project, which considers de jure and de facto, domestic (money, inflation) and external (exchange rate), monetary policy targets, has now classified 179 countries/currency areas from 1974 to 2017. This means that it is now possible to track the evolution of monetary policy frameworks across the world and its regions. This paper outlines the methodology of the classification, presents the broad trends at global, regional and sub-regional levels, discusses the economic performance associated with different frameworks and the policy implications thereof, and identifies scope for further work.

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