Development of a 10-year-old paediatric thorax finite element model validated against cardiopulmonary resuscitation data

Thoracic injury in the paediatric population is a relatively common cause of severe injury and has an accompanying high mortality rate. However, no anatomically accurate, complex paediatric chest finite element (FE) component model is available for a 10-year old in the published literature. In this study, a 10-year-old thorax FE model was developed based on internal and external geometries segmented from medical images. The model was then validated against published data measured during cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed on paediatric subjects.

[1]  Laura J. Freeman,et al.  The biomechanics of human ribs: material and structural properties from dynamic tension and bending tests. , 2007, Stapp car crash journal.

[2]  Toshikazu Torigaki,et al.  Indentation stiffness of aging human costal cartilage. , 2008, Acta biomaterialia.

[3]  Yasushi Ito,et al.  Finite element model development of a child pelvis with optimization-based material identification. , 2009, Journal of biomechanics.

[4]  Stephen W Rouhana,et al.  Development and validation of age-dependent FE human models of a mid-sized male thorax. , 2010, Stapp car crash journal.

[5]  David Lessley,et al.  Thoracic response to dynamic, non-impact loading from a hub, distributed belt, diagonal belt, and double diagonal belts. , 2004, Stapp car crash journal.

[6]  J. Sibert,et al.  Does cardiopulmonary resuscitation cause rib fractures in children? A systematic review. , 2006, Child abuse & neglect.

[7]  Xuejun Liu,et al.  Development of Child Pedestrian Mathematical Models and Evaluation with Accident Reconstruction , 2002 .

[8]  C. Snyder,et al.  Significance of Chest Trauma in Children , 1996, Southern medical journal.

[9]  P. Openshaw,et al.  Changes in rib cage geometry during childhood. , 1984, Thorax.

[10]  Jeffrey Richard Crandall,et al.  Child human model development: a hybrid validation approach , 2008 .

[11]  J. Weiss,et al.  Subject-specific finite element model of the pelvis: development, validation and sensitivity studies. , 2005, Journal of biomechanical engineering.

[12]  Koji Mizuno,et al.  Development of a Three-Year-Old Child FE Model , 2005, Traffic injury prevention.

[13]  Marcus Mohr,et al.  Geometry of human ribs pertinent to orthopedic chest-wall reconstruction. , 2007, Journal of biomechanics.

[14]  Jeffrey Richard Crandall,et al.  Lateral Injury Criteria for the 6-year-old Pedestrian - Part I: Criteria for the Head, Neck, Thorax, Abdomen and Pelvis , 2004 .

[15]  F. Rivara,et al.  Children in car crashes: analysis of data for injury and use of restraints. , 1994, Pediatrics.

[16]  T. Hangartner,et al.  Evaluation of cortical bone by computed tomography , 1996, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[17]  Kurosh Darvish,et al.  Structural and material changes in the aging thorax and their role in crash protection for older occupants. , 2005, Stapp car crash journal.

[18]  C. L. Owings,et al.  Infant, Child and teenager Anthropometry For Product Safety Design , 1978 .

[19]  Marian Bosch-Rekveldt,et al.  Child poses in child restraint systems related to injury potential: investigations by virtual testing , 2005 .

[20]  Gordon R. Plank,et al.  FINITE ELEMENT MODELLING AND ANALYSIS OF THORAX/RESTRAINT SYSTEM INTERACTION , 1995 .

[21]  Jason F Luck,et al.  Pediatric thoracoabdominal biomechanics. , 2009, Stapp car crash journal.

[22]  J R Crandall,et al.  Comparison of Hybrid III Child Test Dummies to Pediatric PMHS in Blunt Thoracic Impact Response , 2010, Traffic injury prevention.

[23]  K H Yang,et al.  Development of a computer model to predict aortic rupture due to impact loading. , 2001, Stapp car crash journal.

[24]  Toshikazu Torigaki,et al.  Finite element analysis of hard and soft tissue contributions to thoracic response: sensitivity analysis of fluctuations in boundary conditions. , 2006, Stapp car crash journal.

[25]  T. Nakaoka,et al.  Overgrowth of costal cartilage is not the etiology of pectus excavatum. , 2010, Journal of pediatric surgery.

[26]  D R Carter,et al.  Mechanical properties and composition of cortical bone. , 1978, Clinical orthopaedics and related research.

[27]  D. Nakayama,et al.  Chest injuries in childhood. , 1989, Annals of surgery.

[28]  Jeffrey Richard Crandall,et al.  A Comparative Evaluation of Pedestrian Kinematics and Injury Prediction for Adults and Children upon Impact with a Passenger Car , 2004 .

[29]  Harold J. Mertz,et al.  Forces on the Human Body in Simulated Crashes , 1965 .

[30]  S. Cohle,et al.  Pediatric injuries from cardiopulmonary resuscitation. , 1996, Annals of emergency medicine.

[31]  Kristy B Arbogast,et al.  Methods for determining pediatric thoracic force-deflection characteristics from cardiopulmonary resuscitation. , 2008, Stapp car crash journal.

[32]  L. Chambers,et al.  A review of risk factors for child pedestrian injuries: are they modifiable? , 1997, Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention.

[33]  Dimitrios Kallieris,et al.  COMPARISON BETWEEN CHILD CADAVERS AND CHILD DUMMY BY USING CHILD RESTRAINT SYSTEMS IN SIMULATED COLLISIONS , 1976 .

[34]  Li Chai,et al.  Prediction and analysis of human thoracic impact responses and injuries in cadaver impacts using a full human body finite element model. , 2003, Stapp car crash journal.

[35]  Brian A. Jonah,et al.  Measuring the relative risk of pedestrian accidents , 1983 .

[36]  Yasuhiro Dokko,et al.  Development of Adult and Elderly FE Thorax Skeletal Models , 2009 .

[37]  M. Freeman.  Strength of Biological Materials , 1971 .

[38]  D C Viano,et al.  Influence of impact velocity and chest compression on experimental pulmonary injury severity in rabbits. , 1981, The Journal of trauma.

[39]  I. Stein,et al.  Rib structure and bending strength: An autopsy study , 1976, Calcified Tissue Research.

[40]  Jun Ouyang,et al.  Thoracic impact testing of pediatric cadaveric subjects. , 2006, The Journal of trauma.

[41]  John W. Melvin,et al.  Review of biomechanical impact response and injury in the automotive environment. Task B final report , 1991 .

[42]  R. Kent,et al.  Characterization of the Pediatric Chest and Abdomen Using Three Post-Mortem Human Subjects , 2011 .

[43]  King H. Yang,et al.  Development of a Three-Dimensional Finite Element Chest Model for the 5(th) Percentile Female. , 2005, Stapp car crash journal.

[44]  J. Currey,et al.  The mechanical properties of bone tissue in children. , 1975, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[45]  Masami Iwamoto,et al.  Development of a Three-Dimensional Finite Element Chest Model for the 5(th) Percentile Female. , 2005, Stapp car crash journal.

[46]  John M. Cavanaugh,et al.  Finite Element Modeling of Gross Motion of Human Cadavers in Side Impact , 1994 .

[47]  Dennis R Durbin,et al.  Child Passenger Safety , 2018, Pediatrics.

[48]  Zuoping Li,et al.  Influence of mesh density, cortical thickness and material properties on human rib fracture prediction. , 2010, Medical engineering & physics.

[49]  Jeffrey Richard Crandall,et al.  Development of finite element model for child pedestrian protection , 2003 .

[50]  C I Howarth,et al.  An analysis of road accidents involving child pedestrians. , 1974, Ergonomics.