Systems of systems engineering: prospects and challenges for the emerging field

System of systems engineering (SoSE) is a field that remains in the embryonic stages of development. The work presented in this volume provides a methodological approach, grounded in foundations of systems theory, to perform SoSE. However, further development of the field must be predicated on understanding critical distinctions emerging and bring focus to the challenges and prospects for further development. The purpose of this paper is to develop a perspective of the state of the SoSE field and identify challenges for future evolution. To achieve this purpose, the paper is organised to explore four primary areas. First, the literature is reviewed to provide an account of the current state of the field. Second, an organising framework is presented to structure understanding of field development. Third, a set of challenges to forward movement of the field is offered. Fourth, the paper concludes with reflections on the SoSE methodology presented in this volume and implications for further development of th...

[1]  Jo Ann Lane,et al.  A Model of Systems Engineering in a System of Systems Context , 2009 .

[2]  Brian J. Sauser,et al.  System-of-Systems Engineering Management: A Review of Modern History and a Path Forward , 2008, IEEE Systems Journal.

[3]  Ian I. Mitroff,et al.  Smart Thinking for Crazy Times: The Art of Solving the Right Problems , 1998 .

[4]  Alex Gorod,et al.  System of Systems Management , 2008 .

[5]  Howard Eisner,et al.  RCASSE: Rapid Computer‐Aided System of Systems (S2) Engineering , 1993 .

[6]  Sarah A. Sheard,et al.  Principles of complex systems for systems engineering , 2007, Syst. Eng..

[7]  Jose J. Padilla,et al.  System of Systems Engineering Requirements: Challenges and Guidelines , 2008 .

[8]  Pin Chen,et al.  Advancing systems engineering for systems‐of‐systems challenges , 2003 .

[9]  Standard Glossary of Software Engineering Terminology , 1990 .

[10]  Leonard A. Wojcik,et al.  Emergent Enterprise Dynamics in Optimal Control Models of the System of Systems Engineering Process , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Conference on System of Systems Engineering.

[11]  Oleg V. Sindiy,et al.  Developing Sustainable Space Exploration via a System-of-Systems Approach , 2006 .

[12]  Oleg V. Sindiy,et al.  Improved Decision Support in Space Exploration via System-of-Systems Analysis , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Conference on System of Systems Engineering.

[13]  Clive H. Elphick,et al.  Brain of the Firm , 1981 .

[14]  Adam M. Ross,et al.  A Framework for Tradespace Exploration of Systems of Systems , 2008 .

[15]  Peter Checkland,et al.  Systems Thinking, Systems Practice , 1981 .

[16]  Daniel DeLaurentis Appropriate modeling and analysis for systems of systems: Case study synopses using a taxonomy , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on System of Systems Engineering.

[17]  Charles B. Keating,et al.  Emergence in System of Systems , 2008 .

[18]  Adam M. Ross,et al.  A framework for evolving system of systems engineering , 2007 .

[19]  Andres Sousa-Poza,et al.  System of systems engineering: an emerging multidiscipline , 2008, Int. J. Syst. Syst. Eng..

[20]  Brian J. Sauser,et al.  System of Systems Management: A Network Management Approach , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Conference on System of Systems Engineering.

[21]  D. Cabrera,et al.  Systems thinking. , 2008, Evaluation and program planning.

[22]  Eberhardt Rechtin,et al.  The art of systems architecting (2nd ed.) , 2000 .

[23]  Mark W. Maier Architecting Principles for Systems‐of‐Systems , 1996 .

[24]  Sergei V. Ulyanov Self-Organization of robust intelligent controller using quantum fuzzy inference , 2008, 2008 3rd International Conference on Intelligent System and Knowledge Engineering.

[25]  Rafael E. Landaeta,et al.  System of systems engineering for border security and immigration: methodologies, processes and tools , 2009, Int. J. Syst. Syst. Eng..

[26]  Christiane Schmullius,et al.  Land-Cover Observations as Part of a Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS): Progress, Activities, and Prospects , 2008, IEEE Systems Journal.

[27]  Brian J. Sauser,et al.  Paradox: Holarchical view of system of systems engineering management , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on System of Systems Engineering.

[28]  Lars Skyttner General Systems Theory: Ideas and Applications , 2001 .

[29]  Frederick Mosteller,et al.  A $k$-Sample Slippage Test for an Extreme Population , 1948 .

[30]  T. R. Featheringham,et al.  On systemic problem solving and the error of the third kind , 1974 .

[31]  Misha Hebel,et al.  World‐views as the emergent property of human value systems , 1999 .

[32]  Adrian V. Gheorghe,et al.  Mining intelligence data in the benefit of critical infrastructures security: vulnerability modelling, simulation and assessment, system of systems engineering , 2008, Int. J. Syst. Syst. Eng..

[33]  Andres Sousa-Poza,et al.  System of systems engineering , 2003, IEEE Engineering Management Review.

[34]  E. Rechtin,et al.  The art of systems architecting , 1996, IEEE Spectrum.

[35]  Barry Boehm,et al.  Modern Tools to Support DoD Software Intensive System of Systems Cost Estimation , 2007 .

[36]  W. Rouse Enterprise Transformation: Understanding and Enabling Fundamental Change , 2006 .

[37]  Steffen Fritz,et al.  A Conceptual Framework for Assessing the Benefits of a Global Earth Observation System of Systems , 2007, IEEE Systems Journal.

[38]  S. Beer The Brain of the Firm , 1972 .

[39]  William B. Rouse,et al.  Enterprise Transformation: Understanding and Enabling Fundamental Change (Wiley Series in Systems Engineering and Management) , 2006 .

[40]  John O. Clark System of Systems Engineering and Family of Systems Engineering from a standards, V-Model, and Dual-V Model perspective , 2009, 2009 3rd Annual IEEE Systems Conference.

[41]  Mo Mansouri,et al.  Applications of systems thinking for resilience study in Maritime Transportation System of Systems , 2009, 2009 3rd Annual IEEE Systems Conference.

[42]  Lars Skyttner General Systems Theory , 1996 .

[43]  Douglas O. Norman,et al.  Improving the practice of systems engineering: Boot strapping grass roots success , 2009, 2009 3rd Annual IEEE Systems Conference.

[44]  Mo Jamshidi,et al.  Modeling and Simulation for Systems of Systems Engineering , 2008 .

[45]  Andres Sousa-Poza,et al.  Implications of a rationalist inductive approach in System of Systems Engineering research , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on System of Systems Engineering.

[46]  Vadim Kotov,et al.  Systems of systems as communicating structures , 1999 .

[47]  Datu Buyung Agusdinata,et al.  System-of-Systems Perspective and Exploratory Modeling to Support the Design of Adaptive Policy for Reducing Carbon Emission , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Conference on System of Systems Engineering.

[48]  Charles B. Keating,et al.  Research foundations for system of systems engineering , 2005, 2005 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics.

[49]  David Simms,et al.  The Heart of Enterprise , 1980 .

[50]  Andrew P. Sage,et al.  Enterprise architecture measures of effectiveness , 2004 .

[51]  Paul G. Carlock,et al.  System of Systems (SoS) enterprise systems engineering for information‐intensive organizations , 2001 .

[52]  Francisco Parra-Luna,et al.  An axiological systems theory: some basic hypotheses , 2001 .

[53]  Datu Buyung Agusdinata,et al.  Specification of System of Systems for Policymaking in The Energy Sector , 2006, 2006 IEEE/SMC International Conference on System of Systems Engineering.

[54]  Adam M. Ross,et al.  Architecting the system of systems enterprise: Enabling constructs and methods from the field of engineering systems , 2009, 2009 3rd Annual IEEE Systems Conference.

[55]  T. Bass Information management challenges on the path to net-centric operations , 2005, MILCOM 2005 - 2005 IEEE Military Communications Conference.

[56]  Diederik Aerts,et al.  World Views From fragmentation to integration , 2007 .

[57]  James N. Martin,et al.  Using Architecture Modeling to Assess the Societal Benefits of the Global Earth Observation System-of-Systems , 2008, IEEE Systems Journal.