Which patients to sample in clinical cohort studies when the number of events is high and measurement of additional markers is constrained by limited resources

We consider an existing clinical cohort with events but limited resources for the investigation of a further potentially expensive marker. Biological material of the patients is stored in a biobank, but only a limited number of samples can be analyzed with respect to the marker. The question arises as to which patients to sample, if the number of events preclude standard sampling designs.

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