Condensed Monte Carlo simulations for the description of light transport.

A novel method, condensed Monte Carlo simulation, is presented that applies the results of a single Monte Carlo simulation for a given albedo micro(s)/(micro(alpha) & micro(s)) to obtaining results for other albedos; micro(s) and micro(alpha), are the scattering and absorption coefficients, respectively. The method requires only the storage of the number of interactions of each photon with the medium. The reflectance and transmittance of turbid slabs can thus be found from a limited number of condensed Monte Carlo simulations. We can use an inversion procedure to obtain the absorption and scattering coefficients from the total reflectance and total transmittance of slabs. Remitted photon densities from a semi-infinite medium as a function of the distance between the light source and the detector for all albedos can be found even from the results of a single condensed Monte Carlo simulation. The application of similarity rules may reduce further the number of Monte Carlo simulations that are needed to describe the influence of the distribution of scattering angles on the results.

[1]  P. Kubelka.  Ein Beitrag zur Optik der Farban striche , 1931 .

[2]  R. Giovanelli.  Reflection by Semi-infinite Diffusers , 1955 .

[3]  J D HARDY,et al.  Spectral transmittance and reflectance of excised human skin. , 1956, Journal of applied physiology.

[4]  J. Mika,et al.  Neutron Transport with Anisotropic Scattering , 1961 .

[5]  G. C. Pomraning,et al.  Linear Transport Theory , 1967 .

[6]  H. V. Hulst.  Asymptotic fitting, a method for solving anisotropic transfer problems in thick layers , 1968 .

[7]  L. Richards,et al.  Multiple scattering calculations for technology. , 1971, Applied optics.

[8]  K. Klier,et al.  Absorption and Scattering in Plane Parallel Turbid Media , 1972 .

[9]  A Ishimaru,et al.  Diffuse reflectance from a finite blood medium: applications to the modeling of fiber optic catheters. , 1976, Applied optics.

[10]  R. Hemenger,et al.  Optical properties of turbid media with specularly reflecting boundaries: applications to biological problems. , 1977, Applied optics.

[11]  Setsuo Takatani,et al.  Theoretical Analysis of Diffuse Reflectance from a Two-Layer Tissue Model , 1979, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[12]  John A. Parrish,et al.  Optical Properties of Human Skin , 1982 .

[13]  John A. Parrish,et al.  The Science of Photomedicine , 1982, Photobiology.

[14]  R A Groenhuis,et al.  Scattering and absorption of turbid materials determined from reflection measurements. 2: measuring method and calibration. , 1983, Applied optics.

[15]  H. A. Ferwerda,et al.  Scattering and absorption of turbid materials determined from reflection measurements. 1: theory. , 1983, Applied optics.

[16]  James D. Meindl,et al.  An Integrated Circuit-Based Optical Sensor for In Vivo Measurement of Blood Oxygenation , 1986, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[17]  M. V. van Gemert,et al.  Light dosimetry: status and prospects. , 1987, Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology.

[18]  G. Weiss,et al.  Model for photon migration in turbid biological media. , 1987, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics and image science.

[19]  H. Takano,et al.  A miniature hybrid reflection type optical sensor for measurement of hemoglobin content and oxygen saturation of whole blood , 1988, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[20]  S. Arridge,et al.  Estimation of optical pathlength through tissue from direct time of flight measurement , 1988 .

[21]  A. P. Shepherd,et al.  Diffusion model of the optical absorbance of whole blood. , 1988, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics and image science.

[22]  S Nioka,et al.  Time-resolved spectroscopy of hemoglobin and myoglobin in resting and ischemic muscle. , 1988, Analytical biochemistry.

[23]  Janet F. Bornman,et al.  New trends in photobiology: Target sites of UV-B radiation in photosynthesis of higher plants , 1989 .

[24]  Michael S. Patterson,et al.  Quantitative Reflectance Spectrophotometry For The Noninvasive Measurement Of Photosensitizer Concentration In Tissue During Photodynamic Therapy , 1989 .

[25]  W. Star,et al.  Calculating the response of isotropic light dosimetry probes as a function of the tissue refractive index. , 1989, Applied optics.

[26]  A E Profio,et al.  Optical properties of mammalian tissue: introduction by the feature editors. , 1989, Applied optics.

[27]  F. D. de Mul,et al.  Light propagation parameters for anisotropically scattering media based on a rigorous solution of the transport equation. , 1989, Applied optics.

[28]  J. G. Aarnoudse,et al.  Improved Expressions For Anisotropic Scattering In Absorbing Media , 1989, Other Conferences.

[29]  M S Patterson,et al.  Optical properties of normal and diseased human breast tissues in the visible and near infrared. , 1990, Physics in medicine and biology.

[30]  J M Schmitt,et al.  Multilayer model of photon diffusion in skin. , 1990, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics and image science.

[31]  F F de Mul,et al.  Monte Carlo simulations of laser Doppler blood flow measurements in tissue. , 1990, Applied optics.

[32]  Robert F. Bonner,et al.  Principles of Laser-Doppler Flowmetry , 1990 .

[33]  A. Welch,et al.  A review of the optical properties of biological tissues , 1990 .

[34]  Frits F. M. de Mul,et al.  Monte Carlo simulations and measurements of signals in laser Doppler flowmetry on human skin , 1991, Photonics West - Lasers and Applications in Science and Engineering.

[35]  Steven L. Jacques,et al.  Dosimetry for lasers and light in dermatology: Monte Carlo simulations of 577 nm-pulsed laser penetration into cutaneous vessels , 1991, Photonics West - Lasers and Applications in Science and Engineering.

[36]  M. H. Koelink,et al.  Biophysical aspects of reflection pulse oximetry , 1991 .

[37]  Hubert van den Bergh,et al.  Clinical optical dose measurement for PDT: invasive and noninvasive techniques , 1991, MedTech.

[38]  M. H. Koelink,et al.  Reduced light-scattering properties for mixtures of spherical particles: a simple approximation derived from Mie calculations. , 1992, Applied optics.

[39]  M. H. Koelink,et al.  Optical properties of human dermis in vitro and in vivo. , 1993, Applied optics.

[40]  J. T. ten Bosch,et al.  Method for measuring position-dependent volume reflection. , 1993, Applied optics.

[41]  P. Gualtieri.  New trends in photobiology , 1993 .