Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella Gallinarum and Salmonella Pullorum isolated from ill poultry in Brazil

Salmonella Gallinarum (S. Gallinarum) e Salmonella Pullorum (S. Pullorum) sao patogenos hospedeiro-especifico de aves, agentes do tifo aviario e pulorose, respectivamente. Estes biovares causam infeccoes septicemicas, resultando em alta mortalidade. Surtos sao frequentemente relatados em diversos paises, causando prejuizos devido a eliminacao de lotes infectados e tratamentos. Agentes antimicrobianos sao utilizados frequentemente em granjas avicolas para prevenir ou tratar infeccoes gastrointestinais. No presente trabalho, foi avaliada a susceptibilidade antimicrobiana de 50 isolados de S. Gallinarum e S. Pullorum, obtidos durante surtos que ocorreram entre 1987 a 1991 e entre 2006 a 2013. A comparacao dos perfis de sensibilidade mostrou que todas as amostras sao sensiveis aos β-lactâmicos. Todos os isolados de 1987-1991 foram sensiveis a todos os antibioticos testados, exceto NAL e CIP (78%). O perfil de susceptibilidade de S. Gallinarum (surtos de 2006 a 2013) foi NAL (58%), CIP (63%), ENR (67%), TET (92%), FFC (96%) e SXT (96%). Isolados de S. Pullorum (surtos de 2006 a 2013) apresentaram as seguintes taxas de sensibilidade: NAL (65%), CIP (71%), ENR (94%) e TET (94%). Todas as amostras foram sensiveis ao β-lactâmicos testados, no entanto, a resistencia as quinolonas e fluoroquinolonas aumentou ao longo do tempo. Alem disso, baixos niveis de resistencia a outros antibioticos foram encontrados em isolados recentes, tais como as tetraciclinas.

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