Energy-Efficient Base Station Deployment in HetNet Based on Traffic Load Distribution

Heterogeneous network (HetNet) has been widely accepted as a viable way to deal with the increasing traffic demand. However, the deployment of small cell base stations (SBSs) inevitably triggers a tremendous escalation of energy consumption. In this paper, we study the energy efficient HetNet deployment problem taking the disparities of the traffic load distribution into account. The optimization task is to select a set of SBSs from the candidate sites to maximize the energy efficiency while satisfying the traffic load requirement of the traffic demand points (TDPs). A two- stage approximation algorithm is introduced to solve the optimization problem by decomposing the original problem into two sub problems and settling with the greedy algorithm and the modified matching algorithm respectively. Simulation results verify that the proposed deployment strategy can greatly improve the energy efficiency compared with the random deployment strategy and is suitable for the scene with a large number of TDPs in the serving area whose minimum traffic load is large and the traffic load disparities are great.