Embedding PV and WF Models into Steady State Studies by an Optimization Strategy

Modeling of photovoltaic (PV) and wind farms (WF) stations to take into account these renewable energies into the power flow formulation are summarized. A strategy based on multi objective optimization in order to allocate PV and WF power into electrical power system is proposed. It is assumed that there are a reduced number of choices to allocate the stations. The algorithm is applied to the 39-bus test power system. The results show that the proposed algorithm is capable of optimal placement of renewable units.

[1]  William A. Beckman,et al.  Improvement and validation of a model for photovoltaic array performance , 2006 .

[2]  C. Rodriguez,et al.  Dynamic stability of grid-connected photovoltaic systems , 2004, IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2004..

[3]  K. Harada,et al.  Power flow of photovoltaic system using buck-boost PWM power inverter , 1997, Proceedings of Second International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems.

[4]  Yi Zhao,et al.  Design and Analysis of a Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power System , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[5]  J. Ekanayake,et al.  The Smart Grid , 2012 .

[6]  Ervin Bossanyi,et al.  Wind Energy Handbook , 2001 .

[7]  Grzegorz Benysek,et al.  Power Electronics in Smart Electrical Energy Networks , 2010 .

[8]  Dylan Dah-Chuan Lu,et al.  Wind Energy Conversion System from Electrical Perspective—A Survey , 2010 .

[9]  J. Cidras,et al.  Wind speed simulation in wind farms for steady-state security assessment of electrical power systems , 1999 .

[10]  Brian Norton,et al.  Comparison of measured and predicted long term performance of grid a connected photovoltaic system , 2007 .

[11]  A. Petersson.  Analysis, Modeling and Control of Doubly-Fed Induction Generators for Wind Turbines , 2005 .

[12]  Vittorio Ferraro,et al.  Performance analysis of a 3kW grid-connected photovoltaic plant , 2006 .

[13]  Longya Xu,et al.  Torque and reactive power control of a doubly-fed induction machine by position sensorless scheme , 1994, Proceedings of 1994 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting.

[14]  J. P. Lasalle,et al.  Stability and Control , 1962 .

[15]  P. Sanchis,et al.  Transformerless Inverter for Single-Phase Photovoltaic Systems , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[16]  Min Dai,et al.  Integration of Green and Renewable Energy in Electric Power Systems , 2009 .

[17]  J. Cidras,et al.  Modeling of wind farms in the load flow analysis , 2000 .

[18]  Kalyanmoy Deb,et al.  A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II , 2002, IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput..

[19]  J. Kilter,et al.  Verification of wind parks and their integration into small-interconnected power system , 2009, 2009 IEEE Bucharest PowerTech.

[20]  P. Kessel,et al.  Estimating the Voltage Stability of a Power System , 1986, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[21]  Xiaoqing Han,et al.  Reliability assessment of power system containing wind farm based on steady-state power flow , 2010, 2010 IEEE 11th International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems.

[22]  V. P. Sundarsingh,et al.  Novel grid-connected photovoltaic inverter , 1996 .

[23]  K. R. Padiyar,et al.  Power system dynamics : stability and control , 1996 .

[24]  Zhang Wei,et al.  Power flow calculation for power system including offshore wind farm , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Sustainable Power Generation and Supply.

[25]  Clark W Gellings,et al.  The Smart Grid: Enabling Energy Efficiency and Demand Response , 2020 .

[26]  M.-R. Haghifam,et al.  Wind Farm Modeling in Reliability Assessment of Power System , 2006, 2006 International Conference on Probabilistic Methods Applied to Power Systems.

[27]  Saffa Riffat,et al.  An overview of renewable energy policies and regulations in People's Republic of China , 2010 .

[28]  Kalyanmoy Deb,et al.  Muiltiobjective Optimization Using Nondominated Sorting in Genetic Algorithms , 1994, Evolutionary Computation.

[29]  K R Padiyar,et al.  Power System Dynamics , 2002 .

[30]  Tsai-Fu Wu,et al.  A 1/spl phi/3W inverter with grid connection and active power filtering based on nonlinear programming and fast-zero-phase detection algorithm , 2005 .

[31]  J. M. Kauffmann,et al.  Double-fed induction machine: converter optimisation and field oriented control without position sensor , 1998 .

[32]  Amany M. El-Zonkol.  Optimal Placement of Multi DG Units Including Different Load Models Using PSO , 2010 .

[33]  Liao Hua,et al.  Steady-state model and power flow analysis of grid-connected photovoltaic power system , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology.