Sustainability Issues for Vehicles and Fleet Vehicles Using Hybrid and Assistive Technologies

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are considered preferred alternatives to internal combustion engine vehicles because they can reduce air emissions and fuel consumption while performing competitively against conventional vehicles in commuter usage scenarios. Hybrid vehicle technologies vary widely and offer different advantages and disadvantages from environmental and socio-economic perspectives for passenger vehicles. At the other extreme, fleet vehicles are operated differently from passenger vehicles and idle for about 70 % of their operation time. Hybrid vehicles have yet to be utilized widely by fleets: they would appear to complement fleet operations but there are other approaches to reduce emissions, including assistive technologies to operate in-vehicle equipment and maintain fleet vehicle capabilities instead of idling. Hybrid vehicles and assistive technologies, such as auxiliary power units could offer significant benefits to fleet vehicles by powering electronics while idling and thus reduce the need for conventional engine operation. However, do hybrids and assistive technologies actually provide justifiable benefits in passenger vehicles and fleet vehicles? There are specific end-of-life issues with hybrids and assistive technologies that should be assessed. These issues and the overall sustainability of vehicles can be assessed using life cycle assessment (LCA) approaches.

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