Intracellular toll-like receptors.

[1]  B. Beutler,et al.  A mutation of Ikbkg causes immune deficiency without impairing degradation of IκBα , 2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[2]  S. Ildstad,et al.  Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Regulate Autoreactive B Cell Activation via Soluble Factors and in a Cell-to-Cell Contact Manner1 , 2009, The Journal of Immunology.

[3]  S. Maschalidi,et al.  Critical role for asparagine endopeptidase in endocytic Toll-like receptor signaling in dendritic cells. , 2009, Immunity.

[4]  Himanshu Kumar,et al.  Toll-like receptors and innate immunity. , 2009, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[5]  I. Schwartz,et al.  Recognition of Borrelia burgdorferi, the Lyme Disease Spirochete, by TLR7 and TLR9 Induces a Type I IFN Response by Human Immune Cells1 , 2009, The Journal of Immunology.

[6]  R. Locksley,et al.  Toll-like receptor 2 on inflammatory monocytes induces type I interferon in response to viral but not bacterial ligands , 2009, Nature Immunology.

[7]  M. Binder,et al.  Bacterial RNA is recognized by different sets of immunoreceptors , 2009, European journal of immunology.

[8]  J. Di Domizio,et al.  TLR7 stimulation in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells leads to the induction of early IFN-inducible genes in the absence of type I IFN. , 2009, Blood.

[9]  Thomas F. Tedder,et al.  Innate and Adaptive Immunity Cooperate Flexibly to Maintain Host-Microbiota Mutualism , 2009, Science.

[10]  M. Oyama,et al.  Unc93B1 biases Toll-like receptor responses to nucleic acid in dendritic cells toward DNA- but against RNA-sensing , 2009, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[11]  Zhijian J. Chen,et al.  The role of ubiquitin in NF-kappaB regulatory pathways. , 2009, Annual review of biochemistry.

[12]  S. Akira,et al.  Bacterial recognition by TLR7 in the lysosomes of conventional dendritic cells , 2009, Nature Immunology.

[13]  D. Golenbock,et al.  TAG, a splice variant of the adaptor TRAM, negatively regulates the adaptor MyD88–independent TLR4 pathway , 2009, Nature Immunology.

[14]  Shizuo Akira,et al.  The roles of TLRs, RLRs and NLRs in pathogen recognition. , 2009, International immunology.

[15]  J. Luzio,et al.  Delivery of endocytosed membrane proteins to the lysosome. , 2009, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[16]  M. Yoneyama,et al.  RNA recognition and signal transduction by RIG‐I‐like receptors , 2009, Immunological reviews.

[17]  C. Leifer,et al.  TLR9 traffics through the Golgi complex to localize to endolysosomes and respond to CpG DNA , 2008, Immunology and cell biology.

[18]  H. Ploegh,et al.  Proteolytic cleavage in an endolysosomal compartment is required for activation of Toll-like receptor 9 , 2008, Nature Immunology.

[19]  Sarah E. Ewald,et al.  The ectodomain of Toll-like receptor 9 is cleaved to generate a functional receptor , 2008, Nature.

[20]  George Kollias,et al.  Function of TRADD in tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 signaling and in TRIF-dependent inflammatory responses , 2008, Nature Immunology.

[21]  Zheng‐gang Liu,et al.  The function of TRADD in signaling through tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and TRIF-dependent Toll-like receptors , 2008, Nature Immunology.

[22]  T. Heidmann,et al.  Trex1 Prevents Cell-Intrinsic Initiation of Autoimmunity , 2008, Cell.

[23]  H. Wagner The sweetness of the DNA backbone drives Toll-like receptor 9. , 2008, Current opinion in immunology.

[24]  Osamu Takeuchi,et al.  Sequential control of Toll-like receptor–dependent responses by IRAK1 and IRAK2 , 2008, Nature Immunology.

[25]  J. Tschopp,et al.  IRAK2 takes its place in TLR signaling , 2008, Nature Immunology.

[26]  D. Davies,et al.  Structural Basis of Toll-Like Receptor 3 Signaling with Double-Stranded RNA , 2008, Science.

[27]  K. Miyake,et al.  Roles for LPS-dependent interaction and relocation of TLR4 and TRAM in TRIF-signaling. , 2008, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[28]  E. Latz,et al.  The DNA sugar backbone 2' deoxyribose determines toll-like receptor 9 activation. , 2008, Immunity.

[29]  K. Miyake,et al.  Cathepsins are required for Toll-like receptor 9 responses. , 2008, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[30]  H. Ploegh,et al.  UNC93B1 delivers nucleotide-sensing toll-like receptors to endolysosomes , 2008, Nature.

[31]  E. Caron,et al.  Molecular mechanisms of phagocytic uptake in mammalian cells , 2008, Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences.

[32]  S. Akira,et al.  TRAM couples endocytosis of Toll-like receptor 4 to the induction of interferon-β , 2008, Nature Immunology.

[33]  K. Miyazono,et al.  Cathepsin K-Dependent Toll-Like Receptor 9 Signaling Revealed in Experimental Arthritis , 2008, Science.

[34]  D. Barnes,et al.  Trex1 Exonuclease Degrades ssDNA to Prevent Chronic Checkpoint Activation and Autoimmune Disease , 2007, Cell.

[35]  K. Takatsu,et al.  A protein associated with Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 (PRAT4A) is required for TLR-dependent immune responses , 2007, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[36]  J. Hoffmann,et al.  The Drosophila systemic immune response: sensing and signalling during bacterial and fungal infections , 2007, Nature Reviews Immunology.

[37]  I. Mellman,et al.  Plasmacytoid dendritic cells sense self-DNA coupled with antimicrobial peptide , 2007, Nature.

[38]  A. Smahi,et al.  TLR3 Deficiency in Patients with Herpes Simplex Encephalitis , 2007, Science.

[39]  J. Lieberman,et al.  Mutations in the gene encoding the 3′-5′ DNA exonuclease TREX1 are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus , 2007, Nature Genetics.

[40]  F. Martinon,et al.  NALP Inflammasomes: a central role in innate immunity , 2007, Seminars in Immunopathology.

[41]  D. Lin,et al.  Fen1 mutations result in autoimmunity, chronic inflammation and cancers , 2007, Nature Medicine.

[42]  B. Monks,et al.  Ligand-induced conformational changes allosterically activate Toll-like receptor 9 , 2007, Nature Immunology.

[43]  Myeong Sup Lee,et al.  Signaling pathways downstream of pattern-recognition receptors and their cross talk. , 2007, Annual review of biochemistry.

[44]  H. Ploegh,et al.  The interaction between the ER membrane protein UNC93B and TLR3, 7, and 9 is crucial for TLR signaling , 2007, The Journal of cell biology.

[45]  J. Lieberman,et al.  A mutation in TREX1 that impairs susceptibility to granzyme A-mediated cell death underlies familial chilblain lupus , 2007, Journal of Molecular Medicine.

[46]  A. Iwasaki,et al.  In Brief , 2007, Nature Reviews Immunology.

[47]  P. Srivastava,et al.  Heat shock protein gp96 is a master chaperone for toll-like receptors and is important in the innate function of macrophages. , 2007, Immunity.

[48]  B. Monks,et al.  Malaria hemozoin is immunologically inert but radically enhances innate responses by presenting malaria DNA to Toll-like receptor 9 , 2007, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[49]  K. Miyake Innate immune sensing of pathogens and danger signals by cell surface Toll-like receptors. , 2007, Seminars in immunology.

[50]  B. Beutler,et al.  Adjuvant-Enhanced Antibody Responses in the Absence of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling , 2006, Science.

[51]  Jianyong Wang,et al.  The Functional Effects of Physical Interactions among Toll-like Receptors 7, 8, and 9* , 2006, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[52]  Douglas T. Golenbock,et al.  Flavivirus Activation of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Delineates Key Elements of TLR7 Signaling beyond Endosomal Recognition1 , 2006, The Journal of Immunology.

[53]  A. Marshak‐Rothstein Toll-like receptors in systemic autoimmune disease , 2006, Nature Reviews Immunology.

[54]  H. Yoshikawa,et al.  Chronic polyarthritis caused by mammalian DNA that escapes from degradation in macrophages , 2006, Nature.

[55]  Hiroshi Takayanagi,et al.  Evidence for licensing of IFN-γ-induced IFN regulatory factor 1 transcription factor by MyD88 in Toll-like receptor-dependent gene induction program , 2006, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[56]  A. Sher,et al.  Cutting Edge: TLR9 and TLR2 Signaling Together Account for MyD88-Dependent Control of Parasitemia in Trypanosoma cruzi Infection1 , 2006, The Journal of Immunology.

[57]  R. Coffman,et al.  Properties regulating the nature of the plasmacytoid dendritic cell response to Toll-like receptor 9 activation , 2006, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[58]  I. Wilson,et al.  Details of Toll-like receptor:adapter interaction revealed by germ-line mutagenesis. , 2006, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[59]  D. Barnes,et al.  Mutations in the gene encoding the 3′-5′ DNA exonuclease TREX1 cause Aicardi-Goutières syndrome at the AGS1 locus , 2006, Nature Genetics.

[60]  F. Weber,et al.  Double-Stranded RNA Is Produced by Positive-Strand RNA Viruses and DNA Viruses but Not in Detectable Amounts by Negative-Strand RNA Viruses , 2006, Journal of Virology.

[61]  L. Glimcher,et al.  Osteopontin expression is essential for interferon-α production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells , 2006, Nature Immunology.

[62]  G. Cheng,et al.  TRAF3: A New Regulator of Type I Interferons , 2006, Cell cycle.

[63]  Zhengfan Jiang,et al.  Genetic analysis of host resistance: Toll-like receptor signaling and immunity at large. , 2006, Annual review of immunology.

[64]  E. Latz,et al.  Endocytic pathways regulate Toll‐like receptor 4 signaling and link innate and adaptive immunity , 2006, The EMBO journal.

[65]  Stefan Bauer,et al.  CpG motif‐independent activation of TLR9 upon endosomal translocation of “natural” phosphodiester DNA , 2006, European journal of immunology.

[66]  S. Grinstein,et al.  The Unc93b1 mutation 3d disrupts exogenous antigen presentation and signaling via Toll-like receptors 3, 7 and 9 , 2006, Nature Immunology.

[67]  M. Mann,et al.  Specificity in Toll-like receptor signalling through distinct effector functions of TRAF3 and TRAF6 , 2006, Nature.

[68]  S. Akira,et al.  Toll-like receptor–independent gene induction program activated by mammalian DNA escaped from apoptotic DNA degradation , 2005, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[69]  S. Akira,et al.  RNA-associated autoantigens activate B cells by combined B cell antigen receptor/Toll-like receptor 7 engagement , 2005, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[70]  A. DeFranco,et al.  TLR3 and TLR7 Are Targeted to the Same Intracellular Compartments by Distinct Regulatory Elements*♦ , 2005, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[71]  D. Davies,et al.  The molecular structure of the Toll-like receptor 3 ligand-binding domain. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[72]  J. Hawiger,et al.  Interactive Sites in the MyD88 Toll/Interleukin (IL) 1 Receptor Domain Responsible for Coupling to the IL1β Signaling Pathway* , 2005, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[73]  Stefan Bauer,et al.  Endosomal Translocation of Vertebrate DNA Activates Dendritic Cells via TLR9-Dependent and -Independent Pathways 1 , 2005, The Journal of Immunology.

[74]  K. Honda,et al.  Spatiotemporal regulation of MyD88–IRF-7 signalling for robust type-I interferon induction , 2005, Nature.

[75]  Hideo Negishi,et al.  IRF-7 is the master regulator of type-I interferon-dependent immune responses , 2005, Nature.

[76]  Tak W. Mak,et al.  Integral role of IRF-5 in the gene induction programme activated by Toll-like receptors , 2005, Nature.

[77]  V. Hornung,et al.  Spontaneous Formation of Nucleic Acid-based Nanoparticles Is Responsible for High Interferon-α Induction by CpG-A in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells* , 2005, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[78]  S. Akira,et al.  Sequence-specific potent induction of IFN-α by short interfering RNA in plasmacytoid dendritic cells through TLR7 , 2005, Nature Medicine.

[79]  Thomas Hartung,et al.  CD36 is a sensor of diacylglycerides , 2005, Nature.

[80]  E. Fikrig,et al.  Toll-like receptor 3 mediates West Nile virus entry into the brain causing lethal encephalitis , 2004, Nature Medicine.

[81]  C. Coban,et al.  Interferon-α induction through Toll-like receptors involves a direct interaction of IRF7 with MyD88 and TRAF6 , 2004, Nature Immunology.

[82]  D. Barnes,et al.  Gene-Targeted Mice Lacking the Trex1 (DNase III) 3′→5′ DNA Exonuclease Develop Inflammatory Myocarditis , 2004, Molecular and Cellular Biology.

[83]  Hiroyuki Oshiumi,et al.  The cytoplasmic 'linker region' in Toll-like receptor 3 controls receptor localization and signaling. , 2004, International immunology.

[84]  M. Kruhlak,et al.  TLR9 Is Localized in the Endoplasmic Reticulum Prior to Stimulation , 2004, The Journal of Immunology.

[85]  S. Akira,et al.  TLR9-dependent recognition of MCMV by IPC and DC generates coordinated cytokine responses that activate antiviral NK cell function. , 2004, Immunity.

[86]  S. Akira,et al.  Toll-like Receptor 9–Dependent and –Independent Dendritic Cell Activation by Chromatin–Immunoglobulin G Complexes , 2004, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[87]  Akiko Iwasaki,et al.  Recognition of single-stranded RNA viruses by Toll-like receptor 7. , 2004, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[88]  R. Flavell,et al.  Toll-like receptors 9 and 3 as essential components of innate immune defense against mouse cytomegalovirus infection. , 2004, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[89]  Shizuo Akira,et al.  Innate Antiviral Responses by Means of TLR7-Mediated Recognition of Single-Stranded RNA , 2004, Science.

[90]  S. Akira,et al.  Species-Specific Recognition of Single-Stranded RNA via Toll-like Receptor 7 and 8 , 2004, Science.

[91]  S. Akira,et al.  Herpes simplex virus type 1 activates murine natural interferon-producing cells through toll-like receptor 9. , 2004, Blood.

[92]  B. Monks,et al.  TLR9 signals after translocating from the ER to CpG DNA in the lysosome , 2004, Nature Immunology.

[93]  N. Gay,et al.  Structural Complementarity of Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor Domains in Toll-like Receptors and the Adaptors Mal and MyD88* , 2003, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[94]  A. Yamamoto,et al.  Subcellular Localization of Toll-Like Receptor 3 in Human Dendritic Cells 1 , 2003, The Journal of Immunology.

[95]  Jiahuai Han,et al.  Identification of Lps2 as a key transducer of MyD88-independent TIR signalling , 2003, Nature.

[96]  Guo-Ping Zhou,et al.  Triggering the Interferon Antiviral Response Through an IKK-Related Pathway , 2003, Science.

[97]  T. Maniatis,et al.  IKKε and TBK1 are essential components of the IRF3 signaling pathway , 2003, Nature Immunology.

[98]  Sandra L. Schmid,et al.  Regulated portals of entry into the cell , 2003, Nature.

[99]  H. Wagner,et al.  Human TLR7 or TLR8 independently confer responsiveness to the antiviral compound R-848 , 2002, Nature Immunology.

[100]  T. Mak,et al.  Severe impairment of interleukin-1 and Toll-like receptor signalling in mice lacking IRAK-4 , 2002, Nature.

[101]  M. Shlomchik,et al.  Chromatin–IgG complexes activate B cells by dual engagement of IgM and Toll-like receptors , 2002, Nature.

[102]  S. Akira,et al.  Small anti-viral compounds activate immune cells via the TLR7 MyD88–dependent signaling pathway , 2002, Nature Immunology.

[103]  B. Seed,et al.  Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone gp96 is required for innate immunity but not cell viability , 2001, Nature Cell Biology.

[104]  R. Steinman,et al.  Dendritic cells: specialized and regulated antigen processing machines. , 2001, Cell.

[105]  T. Horiuchi,et al.  Mutation of DNASE1 in people with systemic lupus erythematosus , 2001, Nature Genetics.

[106]  S. Akira,et al.  Cutting Edge: TLR2-Deficient and MyD88-Deficient Mice Are Highly Susceptible to Staphylococcus aureus Infection1 , 2000, The Journal of Immunology.

[107]  T. Möröy,et al.  Features of systemic lupus erythematosus in Dnase1-deficient mice , 2000, Nature Genetics.

[108]  P. Ricciardi-Castagnoli,et al.  Defective LPS signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice: mutations in Tlr4 gene. , 1998, Science.

[109]  H. Mischak,et al.  CpG‐DNA‐specific activation of antigen‐presenting cells requires stress kinase activity and is preceded by non‐specific endocytosis and endosomal maturation , 1998, The EMBO journal.

[110]  B. Lemaître,et al.  The Dorsoventral Regulatory Gene Cassette spätzle/Toll/cactus Controls the Potent Antifungal Response in Drosophila Adults , 1996, Cell.

[111]  J. F. O'Connor Psychoses associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. , 1959, Annals of internal medicine.

[112]  B. Beutler,et al.  The forward genetic dissection of afferent innate immunity. , 2008, Current topics in microbiology and immunology.

[113]  R. Medzhitov,et al.  Intracellular localization of Toll-like receptor 9 prevents recognition of self DNA but facilitates access to viral DNA , 2006, Nature Immunology.

[114]  H. Yoshida,et al.  Lethal anemia caused by interferon-β produced in mouse embryos carrying undigested DNA , 2005, Nature Immunology.

[115]  I. Mellman Endocytosis and molecular sorting. , 1996, Annual review of cell and developmental biology.