Librarianship and science are antithetical as knowledge systems because the substance of the former is instrumental to the latter and vice versa. This is revealed by the diametric oppositions of (a) their objects and methods of study, and (b) their objects and means of mastery. The resulting differences between them may be summarized as follows: (1) The object of study in science is matter; in librarianship it is form. (2) The method of study is empirical in science; in librarianship it is rational. (3) The object of mastery is the physics of experience in science; in librarianship it is the metaphysics of thought. (4) The means of mastery is formal in science; in librarianship it is material.
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