Family Relationships and Family Well-Being : A Study of the Families of Nine Year-Olds in Ireland

This study is based on the first wave of data on the child cohort (nine year-olds) in the Growing Up in Ireland (GUI) survey. It examines family relationships and their associations with parent and child well-being in the families of the nine year-olds and explores social inequalities in these aspects of family circumstances. The analysis is presented under five headings: the structure of families (a term which encompasses family structure both currently and over time and also includes family size), relationship quality between parents, the individual well-being of parents, relationship quality between parents and children, and the well-being of children.

[1]  B. Walsh.  Some Irish Population Problems Reconsidered , 1968 .

[2]  S. McLanahan.  Children in Fragile Families , 2009, The Oxford Handbook of Children and the Law.

[3]  K. McKeown.  Family well-being: what makes a difference? , 2006 .

[4]  E. Thomson,et al.  Children's experiences of family disruption in Sweden: Differentials by parent education over three decades. , 2010, Demographic research.

[5]  I. Sigel,et al.  HANDBOOK OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY , 2006 .

[6]  B. Nolan,et al.  Monitoring Poverty Trends in Ireland 2004-2007: Key Issues for Children, People of Working Age and Older People , 2010 .

[7]  Tony Fahey.  Trends in Irish fertility rates in comparative perspective , 2001 .

[8]  Michael Baker,et al.  What Do Self-Reported, Objective, Measures of Health Measure? , 2001, The Journal of Human Resources.

[9]  Divorce and separation: The outcomes for children (summary) , 1998 .

[10]  L. Steinberg,et al.  Patterns of competence and adjustment among adolescents from authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, and neglectful families. , 1991, Child development.

[11]  J. Hoem.  Educational Gradients in Divorce Risks in Sweden in Recent Decades , 1997 .

[12]  R. Zajonc.  The family dynamics of intellectual development. , 2001, The American psychologist.

[13]  A. Coale,et al.  The Decline of Fertility in Europe , 1986 .

[14]  Marjorie Smith,et al.  A study of stepchildren and step-parenting , 2004 .

[15]  A. Anastasi.  Intelligence and family size. , 1956, Psychological bulletin.

[16]  J. Douglas,et al.  Family size and achievement. , 1968 .

[17]  H. Rogers,et al.  Preliminary Validation of the Abbreviated Spanier Dyadic Adjustment Scale: Some Psychometric Data Regarding a Screening Test of Marital Adjustment , 1984 .

[18]  E. M. Hetherington,et al.  Socialization, personality, and social development , 1983 .

[19]  P. Lunn,et al.  Title Households and family structures in Ireland: a detailed statistical analysis of census 2006 , 2011 .

[20]  T. Toyokawa.  Construction and Validation of the Parenting Style Inventory Ii (psi-ii) Construction and Validation of the Parenting Style Inventory Ii (psi-ii) , 2001 .

[21]  K. Kiernan,et al.  Poverty, Maternal Depression, Family Status and Children's Cognitive and Behavioural Development in Early Childhood: A Longitudinal Study , 2009, Journal of Social Policy.

[22]  A. Cherlin.  Demographic Trends in the United States: A Review of Research in the 2000s. , 2010, Journal of marriage and the family.

[23]  Tony Fahey,et al.  Families in Ireland an analysis of patterns and trends , 2008 .

[24]  G. Becker,et al.  An Economic Analysis of Marital Instability , 1977, Journal of Political Economy.

[25]  D B Downey,et al.  Number of siblings and intellectual development. The resource dilution explanation. , 2001, The American psychologist.

[26]  W. Kline.  War Against the Weak: Eugenics and America's Campaign to Create a Master Race , 2004 .

[27]  P. Lunn,et al.  Family figures: family dynamics and family types in Ireland, 1986-2006 , 2010 .

[28]  B. Barber.  Intrusive parenting : how psychological control affects children and adolescents , 2002 .

[29]  N. Stotland.  Wednesday’s Child: Research Into Women’s Experience of Neglect and Abuse in Childhood and Adult Depression , 2000 .

[30]  B. Barber.  Reintroducing parental psychological control. , 2002 .

[31]  P. Amato,et al.  The Impact of Family Formation Change on the Cognitive, Social, and Emotional Well-Being of the Next Generation , 2005, The Future of children.

[32]  G. Esping-Andersen.  The Incomplete Revolution: Adapting to Women's New Roles , 2009 .

[33]  The Seven-Item Short Form of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale: Further Evidence for Construct Validity , 2001 .

[34]  L. Waite,et al.  Marital Dissolution, Early Motherhood and Early Marriage , 1981 .

[35]  Christine Chambaz.  Lone‐parent Families in Europe: A Variety of Economic and Social Circumstances , 2001 .

[36]  H. Gregg Lewis,et al.  On the Interaction between the Quantity and Quality of Children , 1973, Journal of Political Economy.

[37]  F. Dikötter.  Race Culture: Recent Perspectives on the History of Eugenics , 1998 .

[38]  S. Chapple.  Child Well-Being and Sole-Parent Family Structure in the OECD: An Analysis , 2009 .

[39]  Peter Ward,et al.  Measuring Marital Satisfaction: A Comparison of the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale and the Satisfaction with Married Life Scale , 2009 .

[40]  B. Richardson,et al.  Number of siblings and sociability , 1991 .

[41]  R. Goodman.  The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: a research note. , 1997, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[42]  S. Mclanahan,et al.  Family Structure and the Reproduction of Inequalities , 2008 .

[43]  A. Thornton,et al.  International Family Change : Ideational Perspectives , 2012 .

[44]  A. Ambert.  The effect of children on parents , 1992 .

[45]  E. Hetherington,et al.  What matters? What does not? Five perspectives on the association between marital transitions and children's adjustment. , 1998, The American psychologist.

[46]  E. J. van den Oord,et al.  Resolving the debate over birth order, family size, and intelligence. , 2000, The American psychologist.

[47]  M. Morgan,et al.  Growing Up in Ireland: The Lives of 9-Year-Olds , 2009 .

[48]  E. M. Hetherington,et al.  The adjustment of children with divorced parents: a risk and resiliency perspective. , 1999, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[49]  S. Babones.  Income, education, and class gradients in health in global perspective , 2010 .

[50]  Sara McLanahan.  Diverging destinies: How children are faring under the second demographic transition , 2004, Demography.

[51]  G. Spanier,et al.  A Confirmatory Analysis of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. , 1982 .

[52]  Older and Wiser? Birth Order and IQ of Young Men , 2007 .

[53]  Sarah O. Meadows,et al.  Stability and Change in Family Structure and Maternal Health Trajectories , 2008, American sociological review.

[54]  Alan Booth,et al.  A Generation at Risk: Growing Up in an Era of Family Upheaval , 1997 .

[55]  J. Hobcraft,et al.  Predictive factors from age 3 and infancy for poor child outcomes at age 5 relating to children’s development, behaviour and health: evidence from the Millennium Cohort Study , 2010 .

[56]  M. N. Bhrolcháin.  ‘Divorce Effects’ and Causality in the Social Sciences , 2001 .

[57]  K. Kiernan,et al.  Economic deprivation, maternal depression, parenting and children's cognitive and emotional development in early childhood. , 2008, The British journal of sociology.

[58]  T. Rostgaard,et al.  STUDY ON POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION AMONG LONE-PARENT HOUSEHOLDS , 2007 .

[59]  P. Amato.  The Consequences of Divorce for Adults and Children , 2000 .

[60]  R. Lesthaeghe,et al.  When History Moves On: The Foundations and Diffusion of the Second Demographic Transition , 2007 .

[61]  Sandra E. Black,et al.  The more the merrier? The effect of family size and birth order on children's education , 2005 .

[62]  K. Kiernan,et al.  Fragile Families in the US and UK , 2011 .

[63]  P. O'neill,et al.  Violence and Commitment , 1997 .

[64]  J. Rasbash,et al.  Predictors of between-family and within-family variation in parent-child relationships. , 2006, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[65]  Anna Wright,et al.  A League Table of Teenage Births in Rich Nations. Innocenti Report Card. , 2001 .

[66]  P. Kristensen,et al.  Intelligence Test Scores and Birth Order among Young Norwegian Men (Conscripts) Analyzed within and between Families. , 2007 .

[67]  A. Booth,et al.  Birth order matters: the effect of family size and birth order on educational attainment , 2005, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[68]  J. Elliott,et al.  Now we are 50: Key findings from the National Child Development Study , 2008 .

[69]  D. J. van de Kaa,et al.  Europe's second demographic transition. , 1987, Population bulletin.

[70]  P. Lunn.  Households and Family Structures in Ireland , 2011 .

[71]  J. Rodgers,et al.  What causes birth order-intelligence patterns? The admixture hypothesis, revived. , 2001, The American psychologist.

[72]  Steven P. Martin.  Trends in Marital Dissolution by Women's Education in the United States , 2006 .

[73]  Jasmin Kantarevic,et al.  Birth Order, Educational Attainment, and Earnings , 2006, The Journal of Human Resources.

[74]  R. Zajonc,et al.  The Confluence Model: Birth Order as a Within-Family or Between-Family Dynamic? , 2007, Personality & social psychology bulletin.

[75]  E. Maccoby,et al.  Socialization In The Context Of The Family: Parent-Child Interaction , 1983 .

[76]  J. Jenkins,et al.  The effects of marital disharmony on prepubertal children , 1991, Journal of abnormal child psychology.