Pediatric laparoscopic and robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery: technical considerations.

Laparoscopy has become an effective modality for the treatment of many pediatric urologic conditions that need both extirpative and reconstructive techniques. Laparoscopic procedures for urologic diseases in children, such as pyeloplasty, orchiopexy, nephrectomy, and bladder augmentation, have proven to be safe and effective with outcomes comparable to those of open techniques. Given the steep learning curve and technical difficulty of laparoscopic surgery, robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RAS) is increasingly being adopted in pediatric patients worldwide. Anything that can be performed laparoscopically in adults can be extended into pediatric practice with minor technical refinements. We review the role of laparoscopic and RAS in pediatric urology and provide technical considerations necessary to perform minimally invasive surgery successfully.

[1]  C. H. Hong,et al.  Initial Experience With Laparoendoscopic Single-site Nephrectomy and Nephroureterectomy in Children , 2011 .

[2]  Y. Ilbey,et al.  Early experience with laparoendoscopic single-site pyeloplasty in children. , 2011, Journal of pediatric urology.

[3]  A. Kutikov,et al.  The gatekeeper disparity--why do some medical schools send more medical students into urology? , 2011, The Journal of urology.

[4]  S. Vourganti,et al.  Laparoendoscopic single-site nephrectomy: initial clinical experience in children. , 2010, Journal of endourology.

[5]  Y. Ilbey,et al.  Transperitoneal laparoendoscopic single-site pyeloplasty: initial experiences. , 2010, Journal of endourology.

[6]  I. Gill,et al.  Laparoendoscopic single-site nephrectomy in pediatric patients: initial clinical series of infants to adolescents. , 2010, Urology.

[7]  G. Chiang,et al.  Early experience with laparoendoscopic single-site surgery in the pediatric urology patient population. , 2010, Journal of endourology.

[8]  M. Gagner,et al.  Cost Comparison of Reusable and Single-Use Ultrasonic Shears for Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery , 2010, Obesity surgery.

[9]  R. Shalaby,et al.  Laparoscopic management of persistent complete rectal prolapse in children. , 2010, Journal of pediatric surgery.

[10]  Julio J N Baez,et al.  Laparoscopic transperitoneal and retroperitoneal nephrectomies in children: a change of practice. , 2010, Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques. Part A.

[11]  J. Valla,et al.  Transvesicoscopic Cohen ureteric reimplantation for vesicoureteral reflux in children: a single-centre 5-year experience. , 2009, Journal of pediatric urology.

[12]  D. Shrivastava,et al.  Robot-assisted laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy for proximal ureteral obstructions in children. , 2009, Journal of pediatric urology.

[13]  A. Retik,et al.  Robotic assisted laparoscopic Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy: preliminary experience in a pediatric population. , 2009, The Journal of urology.

[14]  T. Morgan,et al.  The impact of residency match information disseminated by a third-party website. , 2009, Journal of surgical education.

[15]  Y. Kojima,et al.  Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery in Pediatric Urology: An Update , 2009 .

[16]  Richard S. Lee,et al.  Robot assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: a viable and safe option in children. , 2009, The Journal of urology.

[17]  M. Resnick,et al.  Robotic ureterocalicostomy in the pediatric population. , 2008, The Journal of urology.

[18]  W. Reynolds,et al.  Pediatric robotic-assisted laparoscopic augmentation ileocystoplasty and Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy: complete intracorporeal--initial case report. , 2008, Urology.

[19]  C. Peters,et al.  Robot-assisted Mitrofanoff and Malone antegrade continence enema reconstruction using divided appendix. , 2008, Journal of endourology.

[20]  M. White,et al.  Testicular compartment syndrome: a new approach to conceptualizing and managing testicular torsion. , 2008, Urology.

[21]  T. Guzzo,et al.  The clinical and pathological history of prostate cancer progression in men with a prior history of high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. , 2008, The Canadian journal of urology.

[22]  T. Kolon,et al.  Nerve sparing robotic extravesical ureteral reimplantation. , 2008, The Journal of urology.

[23]  B. Eisner,et al.  Robot-assisted laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy: description of technique. , 2008, Journal of endourology.

[24]  T. Lendvay,et al.  Robotic-assisted laparoscopic mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy and antegrade continent enema colon tube creation in a pediatric spina bifida patient. , 2008, Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques. Part A.

[25]  F. Van Meer,et al.  Is smaller workspace a limitation for robot performance in laparoscopy? , 2008, The Journal of urology.

[26]  B. Brown,et al.  What to anticipate with experience in pediatric laparoscopic ablative renal surgery. , 2008, The Journal of urology.

[27]  M. Kefeli,et al.  Inhibition of vein graft intimal hyperplasia by periadventitial application of hyaluronic acid–carboxymethyl cellulose: An experimental study , 2008, Scandinavian cardiovascular journal : SCJ.

[28]  P. Casale.  Robotic pediatric urology , 2008, Minerva urologica e nefrologica = The Italian journal of urology and nephrology.

[29]  A. Ottolenghi,et al.  Longitudinal study of semen quality in adolescents with varicocele: to treat or not? , 2007, Urology.

[30]  T. Jørgensen,et al.  Pediatric robot assisted retroperitoneoscopic pyeloplasty: a 5-year experience. , 2007, The Journal of urology.

[31]  A. Basiri,et al.  Laparoscopic v open donor nephrectomy for pediatric kidney recipients: preliminary report of a randomized controlled trial. , 2007, Journal of endourology.

[32]  M. Gordon,et al.  Financial analysis of laparoscopic versus open nephrectomy in the pediatric age group. , 2007, Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques. Part A.

[33]  H. Pedersen,et al.  Platelet function in dogs: breed differences and effect of acetylsalicylic acid administration. , 2007, Veterinary clinical pathology.

[34]  T. Guzzo,et al.  Laparoscopic and robotic complex upper-tract reconstruction in children with a duplex collecting system. , 2007, Journal of endourology.

[35]  I. Mushtaq,et al.  An initial experience of 100 paediatric laparoscopic nephrectomies with transperitoneal or posterior prone retroperitoneoscopic approach , 2007, Pediatric Surgery International.

[36]  T. Jørgensen,et al.  Biomechanical and biochemical assessment of properties of the anterior urethra after hypospadias repair in a rabbit model. , 2007, Journal of Urology.

[37]  A. L. Jensen,et al.  Effects of breed, gender, exercise and white-coat effect on markers of endothelial function in dogs. , 2007, Research in veterinary science.

[38]  J. Gatti,et al.  The use of laparoscopy in the management of nonpalpable undescended testes , 2007, Current opinion in pediatrics.

[39]  Richard S. Lee,et al.  Early results of robot assisted laparoscopic lithotomy in adolescents. , 2006, The Journal of urology.

[40]  Paul F. Zelkovic,et al.  Laparoscopic pyeloplasty in the pediatric patient: hand sewn anastomosis versus robotic assisted anastomosis--is there a difference? , 2006, The Journal of urology.

[41]  C. Driver,et al.  A two-center experience with the exclusive use of laparoscopic transperitoneal nephrectomy for benign renal disease in children , 2007, Surgical Endoscopy.

[42]  T. Guzzo,et al.  Robot assisted pyeloplasty in the infant-lessons learned. , 2006, The Journal of urology.

[43]  P. Ramchandani,et al.  Incidence of benign pathologic findings at partial nephrectomy for solitary renal mass presumed to be renal cell carcinoma on preoperative imaging. , 2006, Urology.

[44]  Y. Aigrain,et al.  Retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy in children: at last the gold standard? , 2006, Journal of pediatric urology.

[45]  C. Yeung,et al.  PinQ: a valid, reliable and reproducible quality-of-life measure in children with bladder dysfunction. , 2006, Journal of pediatric urology.

[46]  David S. Yee,et al.  Omental herniation through a 3-mm umbilical trocar site. , 2006, Journal of endourology.

[47]  David S. Yee,et al.  Initial comparison of robotic-assisted laparoscopic versus open pyeloplasty in children. , 2006, Urology.

[48]  Richard S. Lee,et al.  Pediatric robot assisted laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty: comparison with a cohort of open surgery. , 2006, The Journal of urology.

[49]  Fatih Atug,et al.  Robotic assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children. , 2005, The Journal of urology.

[50]  C. Albanese,et al.  Thoracoscopic Repair of Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula: A Multi-Institutional Analysis , 2005, Annals of surgery.

[51]  R. Woo,et al.  Intravesical robotically assisted bilateral ureteral reimplantation. , 2005, Journal of endourology.

[52]  B. Snow,et al.  Minimally invasive pediatric nephrectomy , 2005, Current opinion in urology.

[53]  C. Yeung,et al.  Endoscopic cross-trigonal ureteral reimplantation under carbon dioxide bladder insufflation: a novel technique. , 2005, Journal of endourology.

[54]  Y. Aigrain,et al.  Retroperitoneal laparoscopic versus open pyeloplasty in children. , 2005, The Journal of urology.

[55]  T. Jørgensen,et al.  Robotically assisted retroperitoneoscopic heminephrectomy in children: initial clinical results. , 2005, Journal of pediatric urology.

[56]  M. Parker,et al.  Formation and Regrowth of Intra-Abdominal Adhesions after Adhesiolysis: The Paradox of Surgical Adhesion-Reduction Strategies , 2005, Digestive Surgery.

[57]  A. El-Ghoneimi.  Laparoscopic management of hydronephrosis in children , 2004, World Journal of Urology.

[58]  Ilia S. Zeltser,et al.  Comparison of dismembered and nondismembered laparoscopic pyeloplasty in the pediatric patient. , 2004, Journal of endourology.

[59]  L. Shortliffe,et al.  Laparoscopic Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy. , 2004, Urology.

[60]  Ilia S. Zeltser,et al.  Transperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy after failed percutaneous access in the pediatric patient. , 2004, The Journal of urology.

[61]  J. Djurhuus,et al.  The outcome of detrusor myotomy in children with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. , 2004, The Journal of urology.

[62]  Roberto Pedraza,et al.  Bilateral robotic assisted laparoscopic heminephroureterectomy. , 2004, The Journal of urology.

[63]  T. Jørgensen,et al.  Computer assisted pyeloplasty in children: the retroperitoneal approach. , 2004, The Journal of urology.

[64]  M. Mitchell,et al.  Intracorporeal laparoscopic appendicovesicostomy: a case report of a novel approach. , 2004, The Journal of urology.

[65]  Roberto Pedraza,et al.  Laparoscopic appendicovesicostomy (Mitrofanoff procedure) in a child using the da Vinci robotic system. , 2004, The Journal of urology.

[66]  C. Yeung,et al.  Selective approach for transperitoneal and extraperitoneal endoscopic nephrectomy in children. , 2004, The Journal of urology.

[67]  G. Bartsch,et al.  Long-term outcome of laparoscopically managed nonpalpable testes. , 2003, The Journal of urology.

[68]  S. Halachmi,et al.  Hemodynamic and respiratory effect of pediatric urological laparoscopic surgery: a retrospective study. , 2003, The Journal of urology.

[69]  C. Peters.  Laparoscopy in paediatric urology: adoption of innovative technology , 2003, BJU international.

[70]  A. Liard,et al.  The Mitrofanoff procedure: 20 years later. , 2001, The Journal of urology.

[71]  L. Palmer,et al.  Laparoscopic orchidopexy: a review of a large clinical series , 2001, BJU international.

[72]  S. Docimo,et al.  A multi‐institutional analysis of laparoscopic orchidopexy , 2001, BJU international.

[73]  P. Borzi.  A comparison of the lateral and posterior retroperitoneoscopic approach for complete and partial nephroureterectomy in children , 2001, BJU international.

[74]  D. Clark,et al.  Laparoscopic orchidopexy for the intra-abdominal testis , 1999, Pediatric Surgery International.

[75]  F. Schier,et al.  Laparoscopic Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty in children , 1998, Pediatric Surgery International.

[76]  H. Woo,et al.  Dismembered pyeloplasty in infants under the age of 12 months. , 1996, British journal of urology.

[77]  H. Barkan,et al.  Factors predicting the recurrence of adhesive small-bowel obstruction. , 1995, American journal of surgery.

[78]  G. Jordan,et al.  Laparoscopically assisted continent catheterizable cutaneous appendicovesicostomy. , 1993, Journal of endourology.

[79]  L. Kavoussi,et al.  Laparoscopic nephrectomy in the first year of life. , 1993, Journal of pediatric surgery.

[80]  H. Reich,et al.  Postoperative adhesion development after operative laparoscopy: Evaluation at early second‐look procedures , 1992, Fertility and sterility.

[81]  A. Manenti,et al.  Diagnosis of Bilateral Abdominal Cryptorchidism by Laparoscopy , 1976, Endoscopy.