DERIVATION OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES FOR SAND
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Mechanical properties for granular materials, such as sand, are important for accurate predictions of ground shock wave propagation and attenuation by use of an explicit solver. In the utilised material model the density dependence of both the longitudinal and shear (transversal) wave velocities, for a granular material, are accounted for. Tri-axial compression tests with isotropic consolidation were performed on cylindrical specimens to obtain the porous equation of state (“EOS”). The longitudinal and shear wave velocities were measured at different pressure levels. As a result, the elastic loading and unloading bulk sound speed and shear modulus were derived. Additionally, tri-axial shear tests were performed at different pressure levels to obtain the pressure hardening yield surface.
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