Freeway traffic stream modeling based on principal curves and its analysis

We have proposed to use the method of principal curves to describe and analyze the interaction among freeway traffic-stream variables and their joint behaviors without utilizing conventional assumptions made on the functional forms of interactions, as in previous studies. As a nonparameter modeling approach, the performance of the proposed method depends only on the data used and involves no assumed knowledge regarding the relationship among the traffic-stream variables. First, we discuss the basic algorithm for data analysis using principal curves and the corresponding data filter algorithm for determining principal curves for application in traffic-steam analysis. Second, a case study is used to compare the performance of the proposed method to that of the classical model proposed by Greenshields; results indicate that the proposed model is better than the classical one in both data accuracy and curve shape. Finally, the traffic-stream models generated with principal curves at different locations and lanes are compared with each others and the three-dimensional traffic-stream models developed from principal curves are discussed. Clearly, our results have demonstrated the feasibility and advantages of applying principal curves in freeway traffic-stream modeling and analysis.

[1]  Carlos F. Daganzo,et al.  A BEHAVIORAL THEORY OF MULTI-LANE TRAFFIC FLOW. PART I, LONG HOMOGENEOUS FREEWAY SECTIONS , 1999 .

[2]  Fred L. Hall,et al.  FURTHER ANALYSIS OF THE FLOW-CONCENTRATION RELATIONSHIP , 1986 .

[3]  Zhigang Shi,et al.  A hierarchy control strategy for coordinated ramp metering , 2003, Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems.

[4]  L. C. Edie.  Car-Following and Steady-State Theory for Noncongested Traffic , 1961 .

[5]  B D Greenshields,et al.  A study of traffic capacity , 1935 .

[6]  Zhang Jun.  An Overview of Principal Curves , 2003 .

[7]  Markos Papageorgiou,et al.  A flow-maximizing adaptive local ramp metering strategy , 2004 .

[8]  Dewang Chen,et al.  A wireless traffic information collection system in Beijing urban freeways , 2002, Proceedings. The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems.

[9]  P. Macdonald,et al.  Interpreting Multivariate Data , 1982 .

[10]  Hong Kam Lo,et al.  A THEORETICAL PROBE OF A GERMAN EXPERIMENT ON STATIONARY MOVING TRAFFIC JAMS , 2003 .

[11]  M. Pursula,et al.  Another look at a priori relationships among traffic flow characteristics. Discussions. Author's closures , 1995 .

[12]  H. M. Zhang.  On the consistency of a class of traffic flow models , 2003 .

[13]  F L Hall,et al.  SOME ISSUES REGARDING THE NUMERICAL VALUE OF FREEWAY CAPACITY , 1991 .

[14]  Frank A. Haight,et al.  Letter to the Editor---The Volume, Density Relation in the Theory of Road Traffic , 1960 .

[15]  Bhagwant Persaud,et al.  EVALUATION OF SPEED ESTIMATES MADE WITH SINGLE-DETECTOR DATA FROM FREEWAY TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS , 1989 .

[16]  Boris S. Kerner.  THEORY OF CONGESTED HIGHWAY TRAFFIC: EMPIRICAL FEATURES AND METHODS OF TRACING AND PREDICTION , 2002 .

[17]  Ning Wu,et al.  A new approach for modeling of Fundamental Diagrams , 2002 .

[18]  H. Greenberg.  An Analysis of Traffic Flow , 1959 .

[19]  Dewang Chen,et al.  Freeway traffic stream modeling based on principal curves , 2003, Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems.

[20]  Hesham A Rakha,et al.  Multivariate calibration of single regime speed-flow-density relationships [road traffic management] , 1995, Pacific Rim TransTech Conference. 1995 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference Proceedings. 6th International VNIS. A Ride into the Future.

[21]  A. Raftery,et al.  Ice Floe Identification in Satellite Images Using Mathematical Morphology and Clustering about Principal Curves , 1992 .

[22]  Mahesan Niranjan,et al.  Parametric subspace modeling of speech transitions , 1999, Speech Commun..

[23]  James H Banks,et al.  SYNTHESIS OF RECENT WORK ON THE NATURE OF SPEED-FLOW AND FLOW-OCCUPANCY (OR DENSITY) RELATIONSHIPS ON FREEWAYS , 1992 .

[24]  Adam Krzyzak,et al.  Learning and Design of Principal Curves , 2000, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[25]  A. D. Gordon,et al.  Interpreting multivariate data , 1982 .