Results of treatment of amblyopia with a screening program for early detection.

The Swedish program for early intervention in children with visual dysfunction, was evaluated with respect to the results of treatment of amblyopia. One hundred and seventy-two amblyopic children were examined before and at 6, 12 and 18 months after the beginning of treatment. The mean visual acuity of the amblyopic eye was 0.76 and the mean ratio of visual acuity between the two eyes was 0.75 or better in all types of amblyopia. Children with strabismic amblyopia showed slightly poorer treatment results than the other types, in spite of the fact that their amblyopia had been detected earlier than the others. The results attest to the importance of careful screening of monocular visual acuity in all children, which in Sweden occurs at 4 years of age. This provides a good basis for detection and treatment of amblyopia. Only one child in the group had a visual acuity at 0.2 and may therefore be at risk for visual handicap if the better eye should be lost later in life.