Aperçu sur les systèmes multiagents

Agent and multiagent systems are nowadays a very active field of research although it has emerged in eighties. This field is in fact a very multidisciplinary field since it is sustained by Artificial Intelligence (AI), Distributed Systems, Software Engineering, etc. It focuses mainly on collective behaviours induced by interactions of several autonomous entities called "agents"". Such interactions can have as finality cooperation, competition or simply some coexistence between agents. This article introduces readers to this active field. To this end, it introduces some preliminary notions, then it details some important facets as cooperation, coordination, planning and communication. " Le theme des systemes multiagents (SMA), s'il n'est pas recent, est actuellement un champ de recherche tres actif. Cette discipline est a la connexion de plusieurs domaines en particulier de l'intelligence artificielle, des systemes informatique distribues et du genie logiciel. C'est une discipline qui s'interesse aux comportements collectifs produits par les interactions de plusieurs entites autonomes et flexibles appelees agents, que ces interactions tournent autour de la cooperation, de la concurrence ou de la coexistence entre ces agents. Cet article introduit, tout d'abord, les notions d'agents et de systemes multiagents (SMAs), et detaille par la suite les differentes questions que soulevent la problematique des SMAs, en particulier: les interactions et la cooperation, la coordination, la planification et la communication.

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