Selecting classifiers by F-score for real-time video tracking

In this work we propose the F-score measure as a novel means to perform online selection of the members of a classifier ensemble. This allows the fast application of a small number of selected classifiers for real-time applications such as target tracking for video surveillance. The proposed selection criterion relies on a performance evaluation to assess the ability of individual classifiers to predict the class membership, that is to discriminate between foreground and background in the context of video tracking. Preliminary experiments have shown encouraging results on real-world sequences.

[1]  Ming-Hsuan Yang,et al.  Incremental Learning for Robust Visual Tracking , 2008, International Journal of Computer Vision.

[2]  Shai Avidan,et al.  Ensemble Tracking , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[3]  G. Yule,et al.  On the association of attributes in statistics, with examples from the material of the childhood society, &c , 1900, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London.

[4]  Ludmila I. Kuncheva,et al.  Switching between selection and fusion in combining classifiers: an experiment , 2002, IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. Part B.

[5]  Yanxi Liu,et al.  Online Selection of Discriminative Tracking Features , 2005, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[6]  R. Polikar,et al.  Ensemble based systems in decision making , 2006, IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine.

[7]  F. Mora-Camino,et al.  Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing , 2011 .

[8]  Kagan Tumer,et al.  Classifier ensembles: Select real-world applications , 2008, Inf. Fusion.

[9]  Chih-Jen Lin,et al.  Combining SVMs with Various Feature Selection Strategies , 2006, Feature Extraction.

[10]  Robi Polikar,et al.  An ensemble based data fusion approach for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease , 2008, Inf. Fusion.

[11]  Aleksandra Pizurica,et al.  Object Tracking Using Naive Bayesian Classifiers , 2008, ACIVS.

[12]  Jiri Matas,et al.  Training sequential on-line boosting classifier for visual tracking , 2008, 2008 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition.

[13]  Lars Kai Hansen,et al.  Neural Network Ensembles , 1990, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[14]  Ludmila I. Kuncheva Diversity in multiple classifier systems , 2005, Inf. Fusion.

[15]  Leo Breiman,et al.  Bagging Predictors , 1996, Machine Learning.

[16]  Tat-Jen Cham,et al.  Online Learning Asymmetric Boosted Classifiers for Object Detection , 2007, 2007 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[17]  Fredric C. Gey,et al.  The relationship between recall and precision , 1994 .

[18]  Josef Kittler,et al.  Diversity-Based Classifier Selection for Adaptive Object Tracking , 2009, MCS.

[19]  Juan José Rodríguez Diez,et al.  Classifier Ensembles with a Random Linear Oracle , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering.

[20]  Cynthia Rudin,et al.  Online coordinate boosting , 2008, 2009 IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops, ICCV Workshops.

[21]  Fuhui Long,et al.  Feature selection based on mutual information criteria of max-dependency, max-relevance, and min-redundancy , 2003, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.

[22]  Robert P. W. Duin,et al.  Optimal Mean-Precision Classifier , 2009, MCS.

[23]  Yoav Freund,et al.  Experiments with a New Boosting Algorithm , 1996, ICML.

[24]  Ahmed M. Elgammal,et al.  Boosting adaptive linear weak classifiers for online learning and tracking , 2008, 2008 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition.

[25]  Lauro Snidaro,et al.  Fusion of heterogeneous features via cascaded on-line boosting , 2008, 2008 11th International Conference on Information Fusion.

[26]  Matti Aksela,et al.  Comparison of Classifier Selection Methods for Improving Committee Performance , 2003, Multiple Classifier Systems.

[27]  Stuart J. Russell,et al.  Online bagging and boosting , 2005, 2005 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics.

[28]  Isabelle Guyon,et al.  An Introduction to Variable and Feature Selection , 2003, J. Mach. Learn. Res..

[29]  Mark Goadrich,et al.  The relationship between Precision-Recall and ROC curves , 2006, ICML.

[30]  Jiri Matas,et al.  On Combining Classifiers , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[31]  Fabio Roli,et al.  Intrusion detection in computer networks by a modular ensemble of one-class classifiers , 2008, Inf. Fusion.

[32]  Tin Kam Ho,et al.  The Random Subspace Method for Constructing Decision Forests , 1998, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..