Appropriate crowbar protection for improvement of brushless DFIG LVRT during asymmetrical voltage dips

Abstract This paper proposes effective approach for determining appropriate crowbar resistance value to be able to improve the brushless doubly fed induction generator ride through capability during any asymmetrical voltage dip scenarios. The brushless DFIG has great potential for wind power plants particularly in offshore applications where maintenance is a major concern. Dynamic behavior of the machine is studied using two axis model and a more precise equivalent circuit model is extracted for analyzing machine behavior under fault conditions. Important limits and constraints in the use of crowbar are identified and discussed in detail. It is shown that large crowbar values can lead to considerable overvoltage which can damage the power electronics converter. Hence, crowbar voltage is an important consideration in crowbar implementation. Efficiency of the crowbar providing ride through capability is investigated for asymmetrical faults by using MATLAB/Simulink for a D180 brushless DFIG prototype.

[1]  Zhen Xie,et al.  Analytical Method for DFIG Transients During Voltage Dips , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[2]  Ehab F. El-Saadany,et al.  An improved fault ride-through strategy for doubly fed induction generator-based wind turbines , 2008 .

[3]  G. Joos,et al.  Supercapacitor Energy Storage for Wind Energy Applications , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[4]  Mohsen Rahimi,et al.  A control scheme to enhance low voltage ride‐through of brushless doubly‐fed induction generators , 2016 .

[5]  Teng Long,et al.  Asymmetrical Low-Voltage Ride Through of Brushless Doubly Fed Induction Generators for the Wind Power Generation , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[6]  P. C. Roberts,et al.  Performance of the bdfm as a generator and motor , 2005 .

[7]  Javier Poza,et al.  Unified reference frame dq model of the brushless doubly fed machine , 2006 .

[8]  Ning Tong Non-member,et al.  RBFNN-based adaptive crowbar protection scheme designed for the doubly fed induction generator in large-scale wind farms , 2015 .

[9]  Luis Marroyo,et al.  Doubly Fed Induction Machine : Modeling and Control for Wind Energy Generation , 2011 .

[10]  Gonzalo Abad,et al.  Single-Phase DC Crowbar Topologies for Low Voltage Ride Through Fulfillment of High-Power Doubly Fed Induction Generator-Based Wind Turbines , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[11]  J. López,et al.  Wind Turbines Based on Doubly Fed Induction Generator Under Asymmetrical Voltage Dips , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[12]  Ehsan Abdi,et al.  Effects of Rotor Winding Structure on the BDFM Equivalent Circuit Parameters , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[13]  Peter Tavner,et al.  Low voltage ride-through of DFIG and brushless DFIG: Similarities and differences , 2014 .

[14]  Sajjad Tohidi,et al.  Analysis and simplified modelling of brushless doubly-fed induction machine in synchronous mode of operation , 2016 .

[15]  Xiangning Lin,et al.  RBFNN‐based adaptive crowbar protection scheme designed for the doubly fed induction generator in large‐scale wind farms , 2015 .

[16]  Babak Fahimi,et al.  Optimal Design of Doubly Fed Induction Generators Using Field Reconstruction Method , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[17]  Henk Polinder,et al.  Modeling and Optimization of Brushless Doubly-Fed Induction Machines Using Computationally Efficient Finite-Element Analysis , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[18]  Sajjad Tohidi,et al.  Symmetrical and asymmetrical low-voltage ride through of doubly-fed induction generator wind turbines using gate controlled series capacitor , 2015 .

[19]  Sajjad Tohidi,et al.  Analysis and Enhancement of Low-Voltage Ride-Through Capability of Brushless Doubly Fed Induction Generator , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[20]  Jin Yang,et al.  A series dynamic resistor based converter protection scheme for doubly-fed induction generator during various fault conditions , 2010, 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[21]  G Pannell,et al.  Minimum-Threshold Crowbar for a Fault-Ride-Through Grid-Code-Compliant DFIG Wind Turbine , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[22]  Ehsan Abdi,et al.  Equivalent Circuit Parameters for Large Brushless Doubly Fed Machines (BDFMs) , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[23]  Richard McMahon,et al.  Rotor parameter determination for the brushless doubly fed (induction) machine , 2015 .

[24]  Frede Blaabjerg,et al.  Overview of Control and Grid Synchronization for Distributed Power Generation Systems , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[25]  Sajjad Tohidi,et al.  A comprehensive review of low voltage ride through of doubly fed induction wind generators , 2016 .

[26]  Junji Tamura,et al.  Low voltage ride through capability enhancement of wind turbine generator system during network disturbance , 2009 .

[27]  Po-Tai Cheng,et al.  Design and implementation of a series voltage sag compensator under practical utility conditions , 2003 .

[28]  Richard McMahon,et al.  Converter rating optimisation for a brushless doubly fed induction generator , 2015 .

[29]  Henk Polinder,et al.  Brushless doubly-fed induction machines for wind turbines: developments and research challenges , 2017 .

[30]  Yuan-Kang Wu,et al.  Effect of Low-Voltage-Ride-Through Technologies on the First Taiwan Offshore Wind Farm Planning , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[31]  Jon Are Suul,et al.  Low Voltage Ride Through of Wind Farms With Cage Generators: STATCOM Versus SVC , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.