In recent years, academics and policy makers have emphasised the role of human capital formation in economic development. By creating human capital, countries become more attractive to private investment, both domestic and foreign. And through such investment, countries grow and prosper. Yet the empirical evidence in support of this theory remains elusive. While foreign direct investment (FDI) has multiplied in many countries around the world since the 1980s, its effects on growth are uncertain. Why is that the case? In this paper I argue that political economy pathways exist that may lead countries away from sustained growth. In countries that lack well-developed capital and education markets, many otherwise qualified citizens may be denied the basic skills they need in order to contribute fully to the nation’s economic development. As societies become divided, they become more conflicted, and this conflict dampens growth, irrespective of the level of foreign direct investment ... Au cours des dernieres annees, chercheurs et decideurs ont insiste sur le role de la formation du capital humain dans le developpement economique. En creant du capital humain, les pays deviennent plus attractifs pour l’investissement prive, qu’il soit national ou etranger. Et cet investissement apporte croissance et prosperite. Les donnees empiriques a l’appui de cette theorie sont toutefois ambigues. Bien que l’investissement direct etranger se soit fortement accru dans nombre de pays depuis les annees 80, son effet sur la croissance n’est pas tres bien etabli. Pourquoi ? Ce Document technique met en evidence des orientations d’economie politique susceptibles d’eloigner les pays d’une croissance durable. En particulier, dans les pays qui n’ont pas un marche bien developpe des capitaux et de l’education, beaucoup d’individus qualifies ne trouvent pas les competences de base dont ils ont besoin pour participer pleinement au developpement economique national. A mesure que les societes ...
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