Earthquakes in Switzerland and surrounding regions during 2013

This report of the Swiss Seismological Service summarizes the seismic activity in Switzerland and surrounding regions during 2013. During this period, 699 earthquakes and 208 quarry blasts were detected and located in the region under consideration. With a total of 18 events with local magnitudes ML ≥ 2.5, the seismic activity in the year 2013 was slightly below the average over the previous 38 years. Most noteworthy were the two earthquake sequences of St. Gallen (SG) in July and Balzers (FL) in December. The former was induced by reservoir stimulation operations at the St. Gallen geothermal project. The maximum local magnitude in the sequence was 3.5, comparable in size with the ML 3.4 event induced by stimulation operations below Basel in 2006. The sequence of Balzers was associated with an ML 4.1 earthquake in the border region to Liechtenstein. More than 30 aftershocks with magnitudes ranging between ML −0.2 and ML 3.7 were detected in the month following the mainshock. The ML 3.5 St. Gallen and the ML 4.1 Balzers earthquakes were widely felt by the public but no reports on damages are known. The maximum intensity for both events was IV.ZusammenfassungDieser Bericht des Schweizerischen Erdbebendienstes stellt eine Zusammenfassung der im Vorjahr in der Schweiz und Umgebung aufgetretenen Erdbeben dar. Im Jahr 2013 wurden im erwähnten Gebiet 699 Erdbeben sowie 208 Sprengungen erfasst und lokalisiert. Mit 18 Beben der Magnitude ML ≥ 2.5, lag die seismische Aktivität im Jahr 2013 leicht unter dem Durchschnitt der vorhergehenden 38 Jahre. Die bedeutendsten Ereignisse waren die zwei Erdbebensequenzen von St. Gallen (SG) im Juli und Balzers (FL) im Dezember. Die Sequenz von St. Gallen wurde durch Stimulationsmassnahmen in Reservoirgesteinen im Rahmen des Geothermieprojekts der Stadt St. Gallen induziert. Die maximale Magnitude innerhalb der Sequenz war ML 3.5, welche vergleichbar ist mit der des induzierten ML 3.4 Bebens von Basel im Jahr 2006. Die Erdbebensequenz von Balzers steht im Zusammenhang mit einem ML 4.1 Beben in der Grenzregion zu Liechtenstein. Mehr als 30 Nachbeben mit Magnituden zwischen ML −0.2 und ML 3.7 wurden im ersten Monat nach dem Hauptbeben registriert. Das ML 3.5 Beben von St. Gallen und das ML 4.1 Beben von Balzers wurden von der Bevölkerung weiträumig verspürt, Schäden wurden aber nicht berichtet. Die maximale Erschütterung bei beiden Beben lag im Bereich der Intensität IV.ResuméCe rapport du Service Sismologique Suisse résume l’activité sismique en Suisse et dans ses régions environnantes au cours de l’année 2013. Pendant cette période, 699 tremblements de terre et 208 tirs de carrière ont été détectés et localisés dans la région étudiée. Avec un total de 18 évènements de magnitude ML ≥ 2.5, l’activité sismique de l’année 2013 est légèrement inférieure à la moyenne enregistrée au cours des 38 dernières années. Les deux séquences sismiques les plus remarquables sont celles de Saint Gall (SG) en juillet et de Balzers (FL) en décembre 2013. La première a été induite par les opérations associées à la stimulation du réservoir dans le cadre du projet d’activité géothermique de St Gall. La plus forte magnitude locale de la séquence était 3.5, ce qui est comparable en taille avec le séisme de ML 3.4 induit par les activités de stimulation sous la ville de Bâle en 2006. La séquence de Balzers était, elle, associée à un séisme de magnitude locale 4.1 à la frontière avec le Liechtenstein. Plus de 30 répliques sismiques avec des magnitudes comprises entre −0.2 et 3.7 ont été détectées dans le mois qui a suivi le choc principal. Les tremblements de terre de St Gall (ML 3.5) et Balzers (ML 4.1) ont été largement ressentis par la population. Néanmoins aucun dommage n’a été rapporté. L’intensité maximale enregistrée pour chacun des deux séismes était de IV.

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