Consolidation of a composite foundation with soil–cement columns and prefabricated vertical drains

A new ground improvement method is proposed for embankment foundation on soft soils, involving the use of both soil–cement columns and prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) to improve the shear strength and accelerate the pre-consolidation process. An analytical solution was derived for calculating the consolidation process of this composite foundation under time-dependent loading by considering the PVDs as cylindrical drain wells. The equivalent coefficient of permeability was acquired by matching the average degree of consolidation of a unit cell model. The analytical expression of consolidation was established according to the axi-symmetric analytical model, and its theoretical solution under time-dependent loading was achieved through the variable separation method. The analytical solution under ramp loading was verified by comparing the calculated results with the three-dimensional finite-element analysis. The influence of replacement ratio of the soil–cement column, column-soil modulus ratio, improvement depth and column-soil permeability ratio were explored. Field experiments on the Huai-Yan Highway indicated the calculated settlements agreed well with the field measurements.RésuméUne nouvelle méthode d’amélioration des sols est proposée pour des fondations de remblais sur sol compressible, impliquant l’utilisation à la fois de colonnes de sol cimenté et de drains verticaux préfabriqués (PVD), l’objectif étant d’augmenter la résistance au cisaillement du terrain et d’accélérer le processus de pré-consolidation. Une solution analytique a été obtenue pour analyser le processus de consolidation de ce type de fondation composite soumise à un chargement mécanique variable au cours du temps en considérant les PVD comme des puits cylindriques verticaux. Un coefficient équivalent de perméabilité a été obtenu en considérant le degré moyen de consolidation correspondant à une cellule unitaire. L’expression analytique de la consolidation a été établie en contexte de modèle axi-symétrique et la solution théorique sous chargement variable au cours du temps a été obtenue à partir d’une méthode de séparation des variables. La solution analytique pour un chargement par étapes a été vérifiée en comparant les résultats de calcul avec une analyse tridimensionnelle en éléments finis. Les influences du taux de remplacement du sol par les colonnes de sol cimenté, des rapports de modules de déformation entre le sol et le sol cimenté, des rapports de perméabilité entre le sol et le sol cimenté, ainsi que de la profondeur de traitement ont été étudiées. Des expérimentations de terrain sur l’autoroute de Huai-Yan ont montré que les tassements calculés étaient en accord avec les mesures de terrain.

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