Time and Frequency Domain Analysis of MLGNR Interconnects

Multilayer graphene nanoribbons (MLGNRs) have potentially provided attractive solutions in an intensely growing researched area of interconnects. However, for MLGNR interconnects, the doping is inevitable since the conductivity of neutral MLGNR is much lower than even Cu. Therefore, a doped MLGNR can potentially exhibits smaller resistance in comparison to Cu wires. This paper analyzes and compares the power, delay, and bandwidth performance of Cu and doped MLGNR using an equivalent single conductor model. For similar dimensions, the overall delay and power dissipation of doped MLGNR is substantially smaller by 86.13% and 43.72%, respectively, in comparison to the Cu interconnects. Moreover, MLGNR demonstrates prominently improved bandwidth and relative stability at global interconnect dimensions. However, a narrow width MLGNR in a realistic scenario exhibits rough edges that significantly reduces the mean free path and, thereby, raises its resistance. Considering these facts, this paper for the first time analyzes and compares the performance of Cu and MLGNR interconnects with different edge roughness conditions.

[1]  P. Kim,et al.  Electric field effect tuning of electron-phonon coupling in graphene. , 2006, Physical review letters.

[2]  B. Kaushik,et al.  Frequency response and bandwidth analysis of multi-layer graphene nanoribbon and multi-walled carbon nanotube interconnects , 2014 .

[3]  S. Sarma,et al.  Measurement of scattering rate and minimum conductivity in graphene. , 2007, Physical review letters.

[4]  C. T. White,et al.  Ballistic transport in graphene nanostrips in the presence of disorder: importance of edge effects. , 2007, Nano letters.

[5]  Ashok K. Goel.  High-Speed VLSI Interconnections , 2007 .

[6]  Brajesh Kumar Kaushik,et al.  Delay uncertainty in MLGNR interconnects under process induced variations of width, doping, dielectric thickness and mean free path , 2014 .

[7]  Vobulapuram Ramesh Kumar,et al.  Graphene Based On-Chip Interconnects and TSVs : Prospects and Challenges , 2014, IEEE Nanotechnology Magazine.

[8]  S. Nasiri,et al.  Stability Analysis in Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects , 2010, IEEE Electron Device Letters.

[9]  S. Nasiri,et al.  COMPACT FORMULAE FOR NUMBER OF CONDUCTION CHANNELS IN VARIOUS TYPES OF GRAPHENE NANORIBBONS AT VARIOUS TEMPERATURES , 2012 .

[10]  J. Meindl,et al.  Compact Physics-Based Circuit Models for Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices.

[11]  S. Sarma,et al.  Carrier transport in two-dimensional graphene layers. , 2006, Physical review letters.

[12]  Wei Wang,et al.  Monolithic graphene nanoribbon electronics for interconnect performance improvement , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[13]  A. Geim,et al.  Nonvolatile Switching in Graphene Field-Effect Devices , 2008, IEEE Electron Device Letters.

[14]  Circuit modelling of multilayer graphene nanoribbon (MLGNR) interconnects , 2012, 2012 Asia-Pacific Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility.

[15]  Brajesh Kumar Kaushik,et al.  Carbon Nanotube Based 3-D Interconnects - A Reality or a Distant Dream , 2014, IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine.

[16]  Dmitri E. Nikonov,et al.  Performance Projections for Ballistic Graphene Nanoribbon Field-Effect Transistors , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices.

[17]  Aachen,et al.  A Graphene Field-Effect Device , 2007, IEEE Electron Device Letters.

[18]  M. S. Sarto,et al.  Comparative analysis of TL models for multilayer graphene nanoribbon and multiwall carbon nanotube interconnects , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility.

[19]  P. Ajayan,et al.  Controlled nanocutting of graphene , 2008 .

[20]  C. T. White,et al.  Room-temperature ballistic transport in narrow graphene strips , 2006, cond-mat/0606693.

[21]  R. Murali,et al.  Resistivity of Graphene Nanoribbon Interconnects , 2009, IEEE Electron Device Letters.

[22]  C. Xu,et al.  Modeling, Analysis, and Design of Graphene Nano-Ribbon Interconnects , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices.

[23]  K. Novoselov,et al.  Giant intrinsic carrier mobilities in graphene and its bilayer. , 2007, Physical review letters.

[24]  Jun Hu,et al.  Signal Transmission Analysis of Multilayer Graphene Nano-Ribbon (MLGNR) Interconnects , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility.

[25]  M. Rooks,et al.  Graphene nano-ribbon electronics , 2007, cond-mat/0701599.

[26]  J. Meindl,et al.  Conductance Modeling for Graphene Nanoribbon (GNR) Interconnects , 2007, IEEE Electron Device Letters.

[27]  C. Xu,et al.  Carbon Nanomaterials for Next-Generation Interconnects and Passives: Physics, Status and Prospects , 2009 .