Gas–liquid flow in a 2D column: Comparison between experimental data and CFD modelling

Abstract Euler/Euler CFD simulations are validated against experimental data acquired in a 2D rectangular column with 2 mm gap thickness. Data was collected using image velocimetry and laser velocimetry techniques, from bubbly to slug flow regimes, including the two hydrodynamic situations of stagnant and flowing liquid. Experimental data profiling was carried out at different axial locations providing a suitable database for CFD modelling. Two-phase flow was simulated by the commercial CFD package CFX 4.2 taking into account the drag force term obtained experimentally and using the lift force based on the Bernoulli effect, as proposed by Ranade (Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng. 75 (1997) 14). Turbulence was modelled by an extra transport equation for bubble-induced turbulence, that allows for the inclusion of experimentally verified anisotropic effects, as proposed by Lopez de Bertodano, Lahey, and Jones (Int. J. Multiphase Flow 20 (1994) 805).

[1]  Ivo Kljenak,et al.  Space-time evolution of the nonhomogeneous bubble distribution in upward flow , 1993 .

[2]  B. Launder,et al.  Mathematical Models of turbulence , 1972 .

[3]  H. F. Svendsen,et al.  Local flow structures in internal loop and bubble column reactors , 1992 .

[4]  Liang-Shih Fan,et al.  Quantitative analysis and computation of two‐dimensional bubble columns , 1996 .

[5]  P. F. Vassallo,et al.  Measurement of velocities in gas-liquid two-phase flow using laser Doppler velocimetry , 1992 .

[6]  Rajamani Krishna,et al.  Influence of scale on the hydrodynamics of bubble columns operating in the churn-turbulent regime: experiments vs. Eulerian simulations , 1999 .

[7]  Rajamani Krishna,et al.  Rise velocity of a swarm of large gas bubbles in liquids , 1999 .

[8]  Shantanu Roy,et al.  Numerical simulation of gas}liquid dynamics in cylindrical bubble column reactors , 1999 .

[9]  Donald A. Drew,et al.  The virtual mass and lift force on a sphere in rotating and straining inviscid flow , 1987 .

[10]  Mehdi Rashidi,et al.  Experimental analysis of pore-scale flow and transport in porous media , 1996 .

[11]  Jam Hans Kuipers,et al.  A three-demensional CFD model for gas-liquid bubble columns , 1999 .

[12]  J. L. Marié,et al.  Turbulence Measurements in Two-Phase Bubbly Flows Using Laser Doppler Anemometry , 1984 .

[13]  J. Lopes,et al.  Hydrodynamics of gas–liquid flow in 2D packed/unpacked rectangular reactor , 1999 .

[14]  R. Adrian.  Particle-Imaging Techniques for Experimental Fluid Mechanics , 1991 .

[15]  Milorad P. Dudukovic,et al.  Numerical investigation of gas‐driven flow in 2‐D bubble columns , 2000 .

[16]  Franz Durst,et al.  Experimental and numerical investigation a bubble-driven laminar flow in a axisymmetric vessel , 1984 .

[17]  R. Lahey,et al.  Phase distribution in bubbly two-phase flow in vertical ducts , 1994 .

[18]  H. Wagner,et al.  Hydrodynamic simulations of laboratory scale bubble columns fundamental studies of the Eulerian–Eulerian modelling approach , 1999 .

[19]  I. Zun,et al.  The transverse migration of bubbles influenced by walls in vertical bubbly flow , 1980 .

[20]  Ching-Chang Chieng,et al.  EULERIAN-LAGRANGIAN COMPUTATIONS ON PHASE DISTRIBUTION OF TWO-PHASE BUBBLY FLOWS , 1997 .

[21]  J. Sweeney,et al.  Dynamic flow behaviour in bubble columns , 1999 .

[22]  M. Lance,et al.  Turbulence in the liquid phase of a uniform bubbly air–water flow , 1991, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[23]  S. J. Lee,et al.  The Prediction of Two-Phase Turbulence and Phase Distribution Phenomena Using a Reynolds Stress Model , 1990 .

[24]  Alexei Lapin,et al.  Numerical simulation of the dynamics of two-phase gasliquid flows in bubble columns , 1994 .

[25]  V. Ranade.  Modelling of turbulent flow in a bubble column reactor , 1997 .

[26]  G. A. Irons,et al.  A combined laser Doppler anemometry and electrical probe diagnostic for bubbly two-phase flow , 1991 .

[27]  Charles C. Maneri,et al.  New look at wave analogy for prediction of bubble terminal velocities , 1995 .

[28]  Hanns Hofmann,et al.  Investigations and modelling of bubble columns , 1992 .

[29]  M. Duduković,et al.  Flow mapping in bubble columns using CARPT , 1990 .

[30]  Hallvard F. Svendsen,et al.  Modeling of Vertical Bubble-Driven Flows , 1997 .

[31]  Liang-Shih Fan,et al.  Visualization of flow characteristics in a 2‐D bubble column and three‐phase fluidized bed , 1993 .

[32]  Gerhart Eigenberger,et al.  Gas—liquid flow in bubble columns and loop reactors: Part II. Comparison of detailed experiments and flow simulations , 1994 .

[33]  Gerhart Eigenberger,et al.  Applicability of the standard k–ε turbulence model to the dynamic simulation of bubble columns: Part I. Detailed numerical simulations , 1999 .

[34]  Colin Webb,et al.  Dynamic simulation of gas-liquid dispersion behaviour in a 2-D bubble column using a graphics mini-supercomputer , 1992 .

[35]  R. Torvik,et al.  Modelling of slurry reactors. A fundamental approach , 1990 .

[36]  Liang-Shih Fan,et al.  Particle image velocimetry for characterizing the flow structure in three-dimensional gas-liquid-solid fluidized beds , 1992 .

[37]  Vivek V. Ranade,et al.  Flow in bubble columns: some numerical experiments , 1992 .

[38]  N. Zuber,et al.  Drag coefficient and relative velocity in bubbly, droplet or particulate flows , 1979 .

[39]  J. Flaherty,et al.  Analysis of phase distribution in fully developed laminar bubbly two-phase flow , 1991 .

[40]  Franz Durst,et al.  Characteristics of laser-doppler signals from bubbles , 1981 .

[41]  Franz Durst,et al.  On the motion of particles in turbulent duct flows , 1982 .

[42]  G. Taylor,et al.  The mechanics of large bubbles rising through extended liquids and through liquids in tubes , 1950, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[43]  Gerhart Eigenberger,et al.  Dynamic Numerical Simulation of Gas-Liquid Two Phase Flows, Euler-Euler versus Euler-Lagrange , 1997 .

[44]  F. Durst,et al.  Bubble-driven liquid flows , 1986, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[45]  Milorad P. Dudukovic,et al.  Liquid circulation, bubble size distributions, and solids movement in two- and three-phase bubble columns , 1996 .

[46]  M. Ishii.  Thermo-fluid dynamic theory of two-phase flow , 1975 .

[47]  Liang-Shih Fan,et al.  Flow structure in a three‐dimensional bubble column and three‐phase fluidized bed , 1994 .

[48]  L. Timkin,et al.  Slip velocity measurements in an upward bubbly flow by combined LDA and electrodiffusional techniques , 1999 .

[49]  Richard T. Lahey,et al.  The analysis of phase separation and phase distribution phenomena using two-fluid models , 1990 .

[50]  Gerhart Eigenberger,et al.  Gas—liquid flow in bubble columns and loop reactors: Part I. Detailed modelling and numerical simulation , 1994 .

[51]  J. Kuipers,et al.  Dynamic simulation of dispersed gas-liquid two phase flow using a discrete bubble model. , 1996 .

[52]  Efstathios E. Michaelides,et al.  Review-The transient equation of motion for particles , 1997 .

[53]  Robert F. Mudde,et al.  Coherent structures and axial dispersion in bubble column reactors , 1996 .

[54]  A. Tokuhiro,et al.  Measurement in the Wake Region of Two Bubbles in Close Proximity by Combined Shadow-Image and PIV Techniques , 1999 .

[55]  P.Y.W. Yu,et al.  Laser-Doppler measurement of the velocity and diameter of bubbles using the triple-peak technique , 1988 .

[56]  Robert F. Mudde,et al.  Two- and three-dimensional simulations of a bubble plume using a two-fluid model , 1999 .

[57]  John F. Davidson,et al.  The motion of a large gas bubble rising through liquid flowing in a tube , 1978, Journal of Fluid Mechanics.

[58]  D. Drew,et al.  The three-dimensional time and volume averaged conservation equations of two-phase flow , 1988 .