Adsorption-Induced Aggregation of Colloidal Particles in Binary Mixtures: Modeling the Pair Free Energy

Reversible aggregation of charged colloids in binary mixtures was first observed in 1985 by changing the temperature of the suspension. An adsorbed layer was found to form around the colloids with increasing temperature. Most of the tentative explanations have focused on either phase transitions or surface transitions, such as the prewetting transition or capillary condensation. A simpler hypothesis is that the counter ions in the adsorbed layer progressively screen the surface charge as the temperature is increased toward the aggregation temperature. We model the pair free energy for this situation by examining the influence of an adsorbed layer on the repulsive potential and by using the Dzyaloshinskii, Lifshitz, and Pitaevskii theory to represent the attractive dispersion interactions.

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