Optimization of Centrifugal Pump Characteristic Dimensions for Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices

The application of artificial mechanical pumps as heart assist devices impose power and size limitations on the pumping mechanism, and therefore requires careful optimization of pump characteristics. Typically new pumps are designed by relying on the performance of other previously designed pumps of known performance using concepts of fluid dynamic similarity. Such data are readily available for industrial pumps, which operate in Reynolds numbers region of 108. Heart assist pumps operate in Reynolds numbers of 105. There are few data available for the design of centrifugal pumps in this characteristic range. This article develops specific speed versus specific diameter graphs suitable for the design and optimization of these smaller centrifugal pumps concentrating in dimensions suitable for ventricular assist devices (VADs) and mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices. A combination of experimental and numerical techniques was used to measure and analyze the performance of 100 optimized pumps designed for this application. The data are presented in the traditional Cordier diagram of nondimensional specific speed versus specific diameter. Using these data, nine efficient designs were selected to be manufactured and tested in different operating conditions of flow, pressure, and rotational speed. The nondimensional results presented in this article enable preliminary design of centrifugal pumps for VADs and MCS devices.

[1]  C. Teitelboim.  RADIATION REACTION AS A RETARDED SELF-INTERACTION. , 1971 .

[2]  Ulrich Steinseifer,et al.  Evaluation of hydraulic radial forces on the impeller by the volute in a centrifugal rotary blood pump. , 2011, Artificial organs.

[3]  Young I. Cho,et al.  A method of isolating surface tension and yield stress effects in a U-shaped scanning capillary-tube viscometer using a Casson model , 2002 .

[4]  Andrew P. S. Wheeler,et al.  Two- and Three-Dimensional Prescribed Surface Curvature Distribution Blade Design (CIRCLE) Method for the Design of High Efficiency Turbines, Compressors, and Isolated Airfoils , 2011 .

[5]  Christina Kluge,et al.  Data Reduction And Error Analysis For The Physical Sciences , 2016 .

[6]  Mikhail Skliar,et al.  Modeling and Control of a Brushless DC Axial Flow Ventricular Assist Device , 2002, ASAIO journal.

[7]  Danny Bluestein,et al.  Flow-induced platelet activation and damage accumulation in a mechanical heart valve: numerical studies. , 2007, Artificial organs.

[8]  H Reul,et al.  Collected Nondimensional Performance of Rotary Dynamic Blood Pumps , 2004, ASAIO journal.

[9]  Theodosios Korakianitis,et al.  Aerodynamic performance effects of leading-edge geometry in gas-turbine blades , 2010 .

[10]  M Marini,et al.  Axial Flow Compressor Design Optimization: Part II—Throughflow Analysis , 1990 .

[11]  Eldad J. Avital,et al.  Aerodynamic Improvements of Wind-Turbine Airfoil Geometries With the Prescribed Surface Curvature Distribution Blade Design (CIRCLE) Method , 2012 .

[12]  Akbar Rahideh,et al.  In vitro comparison of two different mechanical circulatory support devices installed in series and in parallel. , 2014, Artificial organs.

[13]  Theodosios Korakianitis,et al.  Numerical simulation of cardiovascular dynamics with left heart failure and in-series pulsatile ventricular assist device. , 2006, Artificial organs.

[14]  E. Buckingham.  The Principle of Similitude , 1915, Nature.

[15]  E. Buckingham.  On Physically Similar Systems; Illustrations of the Use of Dimensional Equations , 1914 .

[16]  Socrates Dokos,et al.  Effect of parameter variations on the hemodynamic response under rotary blood pump assistance. , 2012, Artificial organs.

[17]  Andrew P. S. Wheeler,et al.  Design of high-efficiency turbomachinery blades for energy conversion devices with the three-dimensional prescribed surface curvature distribution blade design (CIRCLE) method , 2012 .

[18]  Akbar Rahideh,et al.  Numerical and in vitro investigation of a novel mechanical circulatory support device installed in the descending aorta. , 2015, Artificial organs.

[19]  Pericles Pilidis,et al.  A comparison of component zooming simulation strategies using streamline curvature , 2007 .