Glucose-Lowering Agents and COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is continuing to spread around the world despite the introduction of vaccines. Individuals with diabetes have been reported to have more severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection. As there is potential that glucose-lowering agents can influence the clinical outcomes in diabetic patients with COVID-19, a number of studies are ongoing to explore the differences in clinical outcomes related to glucose-lowering agents. In this article, I summarize the published research on the relationship between glucose-lowering agents and clinical outcomes of diabetic patients with COVID-19 and suggest clinical consideration for usage of glucose-lowering agents.

[1]  A. Grossman,et al.  A Randomized Clinical Trial of Linagliptin vs. Standard of Care in Patients Hospitalized With Diabetes and COVID-19 , 2021, Frontiers in Endocrinology.

[2]  Jingjing Zhang,et al.  DPP-4 inhibitors may improve the mortality of coronavirus disease 2019: A meta-analysis , 2021, PloS one.

[3]  K. Khunti,et al.  Prescription of glucose-lowering therapies and risk of COVID-19 mortality in people with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide observational study in England , 2021, The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology.

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[7]  P. Pérez-Martínez,et al.  Mortality and other adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted for COVID-19 in association with glucose-lowering drugs: a nationwide cohort study , 2020, BMC Medicine.

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[14]  J. Lee,et al.  The Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Diabetes in Daegu, South Korea , 2020, Diabetes & metabolism journal.

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[20]  S. Rhee,et al.  Effects of a DPP-4 Inhibitor and RAS Blockade on Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Diabetes and COVID-19 , 2020, medRxiv.

[21]  Dong Liu,et al.  Metformin Treatment Was Associated with Decreased Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes in a Retrospective Analysis , 2020, The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene.

[22]  Anlin Peng,et al.  Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Diabetes and COVID-19 in Association With Glucose-Lowering Medication , 2020, Diabetes Care.

[23]  A. Sinclair,et al.  Guidelines for the management of diabetes in care homes during the Covid‐19 pandemic , 2020, Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association.

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[28]  Traci L. Marin,et al.  AMP‐activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation of Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme 2 in Endothelium Mitigates Pulmonary Hypertension , 2018, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[29]  G. Laverman,et al.  Effects of the SGLT‐2 inhibitor dapagliflozin on glomerular and tubular injury markers , 2018, Diabetes, obesity & metabolism.

[30]  P. Santisteban,et al.  Activation of the GLP-1 Receptor by Liraglutide Increases ACE2 Expression, Reversing Right Ventricle Hypertrophy, and Improving the Production of SP-A and SP-B in the Lungs of Type 1 Diabetes Rats. , 2015, Endocrinology.