Problem Behaviors of Homeless Youth: A Social Capital Perspective

Abstract Homeless youth are one of the most marginalized groups in our society. Many researchers identify much higher levels of various problem behaviors among these youth compared to their non-homeless peers. The current study examined the utility of social capital in predicting problem behaviors among homeless youth. Overall, the theoretically derived social capital variable significantly predicted substance use frequency, sexual risk behavior, depression, delinquent behavior as well as number of days homeless. Thus, social capital was useful in understanding and predicting the current life situation among these youth and may be worthy of further study. Findings suggest that meaningful change should utilize interventions that go beyond the individual and are geared towards modifying the social context of individuals’ lives.

[1]  J. Coleman,et al.  Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital , 1988, American Journal of Sociology.

[2]  R. Lennox,et al.  Conventional wisdom on measurement: A structural equation perspective. , 1991 .

[3]  T. Simon,et al.  "Substance abuse" disorders among runaway and homeless youth. , 1997, Substance use & misuse.

[4]  B. McCarthy,et al.  Mean Streets: Youth Crime and Homelessness , 1998 .

[5]  David R. Holtgrave,et al.  Social Capital as a Predictor of Adolescents' Sexual Risk Behavior: A State-Level Exploratory Study , 2003, AIDS and Behavior.

[6]  L. Heise,et al.  Transforming aids prevention to meet women's needs: a focus on developing countries. , 1995, Social science & medicine.

[7]  S. Harris,et al.  Initiation of services in the Boston HAPPENS Program: human immunodeficiency virus-positive, homeless, and at-risk youth can access services. , 2002, AIDS patient care and STDs.

[8]  M. Greenblatt,et al.  The prevalence of psychotic symptoms in homeless adolescents. , 1990, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

[9]  D. Narayan,et al.  BEYOND IDEOLOGIES: CREATING WEALTH FOR THE POOR , 2005 .

[10]  T. Moffitt Accommodating Self-Report Methods to a Low-Delinquency Culture: A Longitudinal Study from New Zealand , 1989 .

[11]  M. Dumont Skid Row; An Introduction to Disaffiliation , 1974 .

[12]  Izabela Sorić,et al.  Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) , 2002 .

[13]  N. Nie,et al.  EDUCATION AND SOCIAL CAPITAL , 2007 .

[14]  S. Magura 16. Wald MS: Family Preservation: Are We Moving Too Fast. We Need More Data on the Impact of Interventions with Children. Public Welfare, 1988. 17. Achenbach TM, Edelbrock C: Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist. Burlington, VT: , 1990 .

[15]  S. Stephenson Street Children in Moscow: Using and Creating Social Capital , 2001 .

[16]  D. Verner,et al.  Youth at Risk, Social Exclusion, and Intergenerational Poverty Dynamics: A New Survey Instrument with Application to Brazil , 2004 .

[17]  Richard E. Johnson SOCIAL CLASS AND DELINQUENT BEHAVIOR , 1980 .

[18]  F. D. Del Boca,et al.  Measurement of drinking behavior using the Form 90 family of instruments. , 1994, Journal of studies on alcohol. Supplement.

[19]  S. Ennett,et al.  Social network characteristics associated with risky behaviors among runaway and homeless youth. , 1999, Journal of health and social behavior.

[20]  R W Pfeifer,et al.  A study of HIV seroprevalence in a group of homeless youth in Hollywood, California. , 1997, The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine.

[21]  J. Wright,et al.  Family social capital and delinquent involvement , 2001 .

[22]  A. Schmid,et al.  Social Capital: Critical Perspectives , 2002 .

[23]  Robert D. Putnam,et al.  Bowling alone: the collapse and revival of American community , 2000, CSCW '00.

[24]  D. Elliott,et al.  Social Class and Delinquent Behavior in a National Youth Panel: 1976–1980 , 1983 .

[25]  W. Miller,et al.  Reliability of Form 90D: An Instrument for Quantifying Drug Use , 1998, Substance abuse.

[26]  M. Katz,et al.  A risk profile of street youth in northern California: implications for gender-specific human immunodeficiency virus prevention. , 1997, The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine.

[27]  J. Unger,et al.  Homeless Youths and Young Adults in Los Angeles: Prevalence of Mental Health Problems and the Relationship Between Mental Health and Substance Abuse Disorders , 1997, American journal of community psychology.

[28]  Darlene R. Wright,et al.  Depressive symptomatology, exposure to violence, and the role of social capital among African American adolescents. , 2005, The American journal of orthopsychiatry.

[29]  R. Mackenzie,et al.  A risk profile comparison of runaway and non-runaway youth. , 1988, American journal of public health.

[30]  I. Kawachi,et al.  Giving means receiving: the protective effect of social capital on binge drinking on college campuses. , 2000, American journal of public health.

[31]  L. Wagner,et al.  A snapshot of homeless youth in Seattle: their characteristics, behaviors and beliefs about HIV protective strategies. , 2001, Journal of community health.

[32]  Desmond K. Runyan,et al.  Children Who Prosper in Unfavorable Environments: The Relationship to Social Capital , 1998, Pediatrics.

[33]  M Davies,et al.  Reducing HIV sexual risk behaviors among runaway adolescents. , 1991, JAMA.

[34]  L. Kann,et al.  Establishing a system of complementary school-based surveys to annually assess HIV-related knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors among adolescents. , 1989, The Journal of school health.

[35]  T. Achenbach Manual for the child behavior checklist/4-18 and 1991 profile , 1991 .

[36]  R. Putnam The Prosperous Community: Social Capital and Public Life , 1993 .

[37]  Jonathan Grix,et al.  Review Article: Social Capital as a Concept in the Social Sciences: The Current State of the Debate , 2001 .

[38]  J. Onyx,et al.  Measuring Social Capital in Five Communities , 2000 .

[39]  Edward E. Rigdon,et al.  Structural Equation Modeling: Software , 2005 .

[40]  P. L. Peterson,et al.  DSM-IV alcohol and substance abuse and dependence in homeless youth. , 2003, Journal of studies on alcohol.

[41]  T. Johnson,et al.  Self-reported risk factors for AIDS among homeless youth. , 1996, AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education.

[42]  J. Tonigan,et al.  Assessment of Alcohol and Other Drug Use by Runaway Youths , 2004, Alcoholism treatment quarterly.