Comparing an On-Screen Agent with a Robotic Agent in Non-Face-to-Face Interactions

We investigated the effects of an on-screen agent and a robotic agent on users' behaviors in a non-face-to-face interaction, which is a much more realistic style than the face-to-face interaction on which most studies have focused. The results showed that the participants had more positive attitudes or behaviors toward the robotic agents than the on-screen agent. We discuss the results of this investigation and focus in particular on how to create comfortable interactions between users and various interactive agents appearing in different media.

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