Developing Effective Strategies and Performance Metrics for Automatic Target Recognition

Abstract : University of South Alabama segment: In this report, we presented four multiple target tracking algorithms and two data/decision fusion algorithm for efficient target tracking in FLIR imagery. The performance of these algorithms has been evaluated using two approaches - evaluation based on the input scene data complexity, and evaluation based on the correlation output produced by each algorithm. Finally, we investigated target detection in the initial frame of a sequence using two techniques assuming no target information is known a priori. (Details included in the report). University of Memphis segment: We primarily focus on the performance measure characterization for both the dataset and our developed algorithms. We developed a composite metric table with different performance measures that demonstrates the capability of our two specific techniques, such as intensity and correlation algorithms, for detection and tracking. We also developed additional metric such as signal-to-noise ratio and classification for the entire dataset into low, medium and high categories. (Details included in the report). Wright State University segment: In this report, we explored the search engine design which allows for easy plug in of multiple search methods. Therefore, scenes can be evaluated based upon the performance of different matching algorithms. The key idea of this search method is to take advantage of the "divide and concur" concept. Instead of searching for a pattern in a large image, a smart approach is taken to divide the image space into overlapping pattern of sub-images. Search is then based on upon best match with sub- image. (Details included in the report).

[1]  J. Thiran Recursive digital filters with maximally flat group delay , 1971 .

[2]  M A Karim,et al.  Fringe-adjusted joint transform correlation. , 1993, Applied optics.

[3]  John K. Goutsias,et al.  Automatic target detection and tracking in forward-looking infrared image sequences using morphological connected operators , 2004, J. Electronic Imaging.

[4]  R. Nagendra,et al.  The principle of complex frequency scaling—applicability in inclined continuation of potential fields , 1984 .

[5]  Khan M. Iftekharuddin,et al.  Distorted IR target detection and tracking using composite filters , 2003, SPIE Optics + Photonics.

[6]  Mohammad S. Alam,et al.  Fringe-adjusted joint transform correlator based target detection and tracking in forward looking infrared image sequence , 2004 .

[7]  Uwe D. Hanebeck,et al.  Template matching using fast normalized cross correlation , 2001, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[8]  Abdullah Bal,et al.  Automatic target tracking in FLIR image sequences , 2004, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[9]  Abdullah Bal,et al.  Decision fusion algorithm for target tracking in infrared imagery , 2005 .

[10]  Khan M. Iftekharuddin,et al.  Determination of exact rotation angle and discrimination for rotated images , 2002 .

[11]  S. Richard F. Sims Data compression issues in automatic target recognition and the measuring of distortion , 1997 .

[12]  Abdullah Bal,et al.  Fringe-adjusted joint-transform-correlation-based hetero-associative multiple target-tracking , 2004, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[13]  Mohammad S. Alam,et al.  Fringe-adjusted JTC-based target detection and tracking using subframes from a video sequence , 2003, SPIE Optics + Photonics.

[14]  B. Kumar,et al.  Performance measures for correlation filters. , 1990, Applied optics.

[15]  Mohammad S. Alam,et al.  Hilbert wavelet transform for recognition of image rotation , 2002, SPIE Optics + Photonics.

[16]  Khan M. Iftekharuddin,et al.  Probabilistic detection and tracking of IR targets , 2004, SPIE Optics + Photonics.

[17]  D. Casasent,et al.  Correlation synthetic discriminant functions. , 1986, Applied optics.

[18]  Khan M. Iftekharuddin,et al.  Multiobject detection of targets with fine details, scale and translation variations , 1998 .

[19]  S. Richard F. Sims Putting ATR performance on an equal basis: the measurement of knowledge base distortion and relevant clutter , 2000, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[20]  Robert M. Haralick,et al.  Textural Features for Image Classification , 1973, IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern..

[21]  Khan M Iftekharuddin,et al.  Detection and tracking of rotated and scaled targets by use of Hilbert-wavelet transform. , 2003, Applied optics.

[22]  Khan M. Iftekharuddin,et al.  Automated tracking and classification of infrared images , 2003, Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, 2003..

[23]  Mohammad S. Alam,et al.  New metric for 3D optical pattern recognition system , 2002, SPIE Optics + Photonics.

[24]  I. Selesnick Hilbert transform pairs of wavelet bases , 2001, IEEE Signal Processing Letters.

[25]  Aya Soffer Image categorization using texture features , 1997, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition.

[26]  P. Verlinde,et al.  Multi-level Data Fusion for the Detection of Targets Using Multi-spectral Image Sequences , 1998 .

[27]  Abdul A. S. Awwal,et al.  Optical pattern recognition of three-dimensional images using composite binary phase-only filters , 2004, SPIE Optics + Photonics.

[28]  A Mahalanobis,et al.  Optimal trade-off synthetic discriminant function filters for arbitrary devices. , 1994, Optics letters.

[29]  Mohammad S. Alam,et al.  Feature extraction technique based on Hopfield neural network and joint transform correlation , 2004, SPIE Optics + Photonics.

[30]  Marc Acheroy,et al.  Multilevel data fusion for the detection of targets using multispectral image sequences , 1998 .