Passive and active EO sensing close to the sea surface

The present paper investigates the use of an eye-safe laser rangefinder at 1.5 μm and TV/IR imaging to obtain information on atmospheric properties at various paths close to the sea surface. On one day active/passive imaging NIR and SWIR systems were also used. The paper will describe the experimental equipment and the results from measurements of atmospheric backscatter as well as TV and IR images of test targets along a 1.8 km path close to the Baltic Sea. The site also contained a weather station and a scintillometer for logging weather and turbulence parameters. Results correlating the lidar attenuation with the imaging performance will be given and compared with models.

[1]  J. Klett Stable analytical inversion solution for processing lidar returns. , 1981, Applied optics.

[2]  R. Shirkey,et al.  Determination of Atmospheric Path Radiance: Sky-to-Ground Ratio for Wargamers , 2004 .

[3]  Yitzhak Yitzhaky,et al.  Aerosol MTF revisited , 2014, Defense + Security Symposium.

[4]  Norman S. Kopeika,et al.  A System Engineering Approach to Imaging , 1998 .

[5]  Arne Hagard,et al.  Optical refraction measurements over sea surface with lidar , 2004, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[6]  F. G. Fernald Analysis of atmospheric lidar observations: some comments. , 1984, Applied optics.

[7]  J. Klett Lidar inversion with variable backscatter/extinction ratios. , 1985, Applied optics.

[8]  Norman S. Kopeika,et al.  Prediction of image propagation quality through the atmosphere:the dependence of atmospheric modulation transfer function on weather , 1990 .

[9]  Vincent Larochelle,et al.  Estimating atmospheric extinction for eyesafe laser rangefinders , 1994 .

[10]  Sarah Theiss,et al.  Elastic Lidar Theory Practice And Analysis Methods , 2016 .

[11]  Tana Maurer,et al.  Predicting range performance of LRG imagers in the presence of natural illumination , 2004, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[12]  Francesc Rocadenbosch,et al.  Effects of noise on lidar data inversion with the backward algorithm. , 2004, Applied optics.

[13]  Ove Steinvall,et al.  Using an eyesafe military laser range finder for atmospheric sensing , 2014, Defense + Security Symposium.

[14]  T. Fukuchi,et al.  Laser Remote Sensing , 2005 .