Dynamic material model of annealed soda-lime glass

Abstract Glass is an omnipresent material which is widely used as facade in buildings. Damage of glass windows and the associated glass fragments induced by impact and blast loads impose great threats to people in the vicinity. Much effort has been directed towards understanding glass material properties, and modeling of glass window responses to impact and blast loads. For reliable predictions of glass structure performances under dynamic loadings, an accurate dynamic constitutive model of annealed float glass, which is commonly used for glass windows, is therefore needed. In current practice, the Johnson-Holmquist Ceramic (JH2) model is most commonly used in simulating glass plate responses to impact and blast loads. In this study, the accuracy of the JH2 model in modeling annealed float glass material, especially at high strain rate is examined in detail. Static compressive tests and dynamic compressive tests using Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) are carried out on soda-lime glass specimens sampled from commercially used annealed float glass panes. These testing results are used together with the authors' previous testing data and data reported by other researchers in the literature to determine the constitutive constants for the JH2 model, including Equation of State (EOS), strength criterion and strain-rate effect. The JH2 model with new material constants is then programmed in commercial code LS-DYNA. To verify the model, it is used to simulate a SHPB compressive test on a 15 mm by 15 mm (diameter by length) glass specimen, a field blasting test on a laminated glass window of 1.5 m by 1.2 m in dimension, and a full-scale laboratory windborne debris impact test on a laminated glass window. The simulation results demonstrate that the JH2 model with the new material constants for annealed glass gives good predictions of glass material and glass window responses to impact and blast loads.

[1]  Compressive damage development in confined borosilicate glass , 2008 .

[2]  P. Osterrieder,et al.  A finite element model for impact simulation with laminated glass , 2007 .

[3]  Hong Hao,et al.  Laboratory test and numerical simulation of laminated glass window vulnerability to debris impact , 2013 .

[4]  W. C. Bell,et al.  An Improved Mechanical Material Model for Ballistic Soda-Lime Glass , 2009, Journal of materials engineering and performance (Print).

[5]  Timothy J. Holmquist,et al.  Constitutive modeling of aluminum nitride for large strain, high-strain rate, and high-pressure applications , 2001 .

[6]  Xin Sun,et al.  Dynamic Failure of Borosilicate Glass Under Compression/Shear Loading Experiments , 2007 .

[7]  J. Dear,et al.  On the blast resistance of laminated glass , 2012 .

[8]  Zvi Rosenberg,et al.  On the shock induced failure of brittle solids , 1998 .

[9]  X. Nie,et al.  Effect of Loading Rate and Surface Conditions on the Flexural Strength of Borosilicate Glass , 2009 .

[10]  G. R. Johnson,et al.  A Computational Constitutive Model for Glass Subjected to Large Strains, High Strain Rates and High Pressures , 2011 .

[11]  C. Anderson,et al.  Damage Development in Confined Borosilicate and Soda‐Lime Glasses , 2012 .

[12]  Xihong Zhang,et al.  LABORATORY TEST AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF LAMINATED GLASS WINDOW RESPONSE TO IMPACT AND BLAST LOADS , 2011 .

[13]  Hong Hao,et al.  Parametric study of laminated glass window response to blast loads , 2013 .

[14]  Xibing Li,et al.  Laboratory Test on Dynamic Material Properties of Annealed Float Glass , 2012 .

[15]  W. C. Bell,et al.  Molecular-level simulations of shock generation and propagation in polyurea , 2011 .

[16]  M. Ortiz,et al.  Computational modelling of impact damage in brittle materials , 1996 .

[17]  Jun Wei,et al.  Failure analysis of architectural glazing subjected to blast loading , 2006 .

[18]  W. C. Bell,et al.  The effect of high-pressure densification on ballistic-penetration resistance of a soda-lime glass , 2011 .

[19]  Eve Hinman,et al.  Survey of Window Retrofit Solutions for Blast Mitigation , 2004 .

[20]  L. Chhabildas,et al.  Changes to the shock response of fused quartz due to glass modification , 2008 .

[21]  G. R. Johnson,et al.  An improved computational constitutive model for brittle materials , 2008 .

[22]  George Solomos,et al.  Experimental and numerical investigations of laminated glass subjected to blast loading , 2012 .

[23]  X. Nie,et al.  High-Rate Progressive Failure of Borosilicate Glass under Mechanical Confinement at High Temperatures , 2013 .

[24]  Hong Hao,et al.  Experimental investigation of monolithic tempered glass fragment characteristics subjected to blast loads , 2014 .

[25]  G. R. Johnson,et al.  Response of aluminum nitride (including a phase change) to large strains, high strain rates, and high pressures , 2003 .

[26]  Marco Peroni,et al.  Experimental Investigation of High Strain-Rate Behaviour of Glass , 2011 .

[27]  G. R. Johnson,et al.  High strain rate properties and constitutive modeling of glass , 1995 .