The psychological contract of knowledge workers

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore whether the concept of psychological contracts underpinned by relational/transactional exchanges provides an adequate description of knowledge workers' contracts.Design/methodology/approach – The research approach uses interviews with ten scientists from within a pre‐eminent Australian scientific research and development organization, the Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO).Findings – The research strong evidence of an ideological currency within the psychological contract for this set of knowledge workers.Practical implications – The research raises questions over the role of normative occupation‐specific beliefs about work, and the sharing of common currency elements by individuals in the same organization within the same occupation. The analysis lends support to calls in the literature for a reconsideration of the transactional/relational interpretative framework that underpins the psychological contract.Originality/value ...

[1]  Denise M. Rousseau,et al.  The ‘problem’ of the psychological contract considered , 1998 .

[2]  B. Kabanoff,et al.  Psychological Contracts in Australia: A `Fair Go' or a `Not-so-Happy Transition'? , 2000 .

[3]  John P. Meyer,et al.  Commitment in the Workplace: Theory, Research, and Application , 1997 .

[4]  T. Davenport,et al.  Improving Knowledge Work Processes , 1996 .

[5]  D. Rousseau Psychological contracts in organizations : understanding written and unwritten agreements , 1995 .

[6]  John P. Meyer,et al.  A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment , 1991 .

[7]  Denise M. Rousseau,et al.  Why workers still identify with organizations , 1998 .

[8]  D. Rousseau Psychological and implied contracts in organizations , 1989 .

[9]  David Guest,et al.  On meaning, metaphor and the psychological contract: a response to Rousseau (1998) , 1998 .

[10]  J. Steen,et al.  Human resource strategies and organisational structures for managing gold‐collar workers , 2002 .

[11]  Daniel C. Feldman,et al.  Re‐examining the effects of psychological contract violations: unmet expectations and job dissatisfaction as mediators , 2000 .

[12]  C. Cooper,et al.  International review of industrial and organizational psychology , 1986 .

[13]  Denise M. Rousseau,et al.  The contracts of individuals and organizations , 1993 .

[14]  Neuman Social Research Methods , 2007 .

[15]  Lester C. Thurow,et al.  Building Wealth : The New Rules for Individuals, Companies, and Nations in a Knowledge-Based Economy , 1999 .

[16]  F. Blackler Knowledge, Knowledge Work and Organizations: An Overview and Interpretation , 1995 .

[17]  E. Morrison,et al.  WHEN EMPLOYEES FEEL BETRAYED: A MODEL OF HOW PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT VIOLATION DEVELOPS , 1997 .

[18]  D. Rousseau Schema, promise and mutuality: The building blocks of the psychological contract , 2001 .

[19]  P. Drucker Knowledge-Worker Productivity: The Biggest Challenge , 1999, IEEE Engineering Management Review.

[20]  Paul J. Kobulnicky,et al.  Commitment in the workplace: Theory, research and application , 1998 .

[21]  P. Herriot,et al.  Contracting Careers , 1996 .

[22]  J. Stuart Bunderson,et al.  Violations of Principle: Ideological Currency in the Psychological Contract , 2003 .

[23]  Daniel C. Feldman,et al.  A Discrepancy Model of Psychological Contract Violations , 1999 .

[24]  L. Marshall Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization , 1953, Nature.

[25]  George Tovstiga PROFILING THE KNOWLEDGE WORKER IN THE KNOWLEDGE-INTENSIVE ORGANISATION: EMERGING ROLES , 1999 .

[26]  Jacqueline A-M. Coyle-Shapiro,et al.  Contingent and Non‐Contingent Working in Local Government: Contrasting Psychological Contracts , 2002 .

[27]  Cift Annual Report 1995-'96 , 1996 .

[28]  Pk Thomson,et al.  Expanding the Network: What About Including 'The All' in the Psychological Contract? , 2002 .

[29]  Ike-Elechi Ogba,et al.  Commitment in the workplace: The impact of income and age on employee commitment in Nigerian banking sector , 2008 .

[30]  Earl R. Babbie,et al.  The practice of social research , 1969 .

[31]  Frank Fleer,et al.  Annual Report 1995/1996 , 1996 .

[32]  D. Guest Is the psychological contract worth taking seriously , 1998 .

[33]  James M. Bloodgood,et al.  Not seeing eye to eye: Differences in supervisor and subordinate perceptions of and attributions for psychological contract breach. , 2002 .

[34]  P. Blau Exchange and Power in Social Life , 1964 .

[35]  P. Drucker Post-Capitalist Society , 1993 .

[36]  H. Russell Bernard,et al.  Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches , 2000 .