Physical and psychosocial function in residential aged-care elders: effect of Nintendo Wii Sports games.

This mixed-methods, quasi-experimental pilot study examined whether the Nintendo Wii Sports (NWS) active video game (exergame) system could significantly improve the functional ability, physical activity levels, and quality of life of 34 older adults (4 men and 30 women, 83 ± 8 yr) living in 2 residential aged-care (RAC) centers. Change score analyses indicated the intervention group had significantly greater increases in bicep curl muscular endurance, physical activity levels, and psychological quality of life than the control group (p < .05). Analysis of the quotes underlying the 3 themes (feeling silly, feeling good; having fun; and something to look forward to) suggested that intervention group participants developed a sense of empowerment and achievement after some initial reluctance and anxiousness. They felt that the games were fun and provided an avenue for greater socialization. These results add some further support to the utilization of NWS exergames in the RAC context.

[1]  Wayne Dite,et al.  A clinical test of stepping and change of direction to identify multiple falling older adults. , 2002, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[2]  C. Jessie Jones,et al.  Development and Validation of a Functional Fitness Test for Community-Residing Older Adults , 1999 .

[3]  Karen Drexler,et al.  Case history: Use of the Nintendo Wii to increase fine motor dexterity post cerebral vascular accident , 2009 .

[4]  V. M. Brown,et al.  Indoor gardening older adults: effects on socialization, activities of daily living, and loneliness. , 2004, Journal of gerontological nursing.

[5]  C. Nigg,et al.  Barriers to exercise behavior among older adults: a focus-group study. , 2005, Journal of aging and physical activity.

[6]  Henk J Stam,et al.  Energy expenditure in chronic stroke patients playing Wii Sports: a pilot study , 2011, Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation.

[7]  G. Schofield,et al.  General practitioners' views and experiences of counselling for physical activity through the New Zealand Green Prescription program , 2011, BMC family practice.

[8]  Francis Biley Essentials of Nursing CareEssentials of Nursing Care , 2003 .

[9]  Jacqueline Kerr,et al.  Exergames for subsyndromal depression in older adults: a pilot study of a novel intervention. , 2010, The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry.

[10]  E. Miller,et al.  The qualitative portfolio at The Gerontologist: strong and getting stronger. , 2011, The Gerontologist.

[11]  J. Kitzinger,et al.  Qualitative Research: Introducing focus groups , 1995 .

[12]  Ivan Segedi,et al.  Strength and coordination training in judo for boys 14 - 15 years old , 2014 .

[13]  Jannette M Blennerhassett,et al.  The Four Square Step Test is a feasible and valid clinical test of dynamic standing balance for use in ambulant people poststroke. , 2008, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[14]  Barbara Williams,et al.  The Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) Among Older Adults , 2006, Preventing chronic disease.

[15]  C. Sherbourne,et al.  The MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): III. Tests of data quality, scaling assumptions, and reliability across diverse patient groups. , 1994 .

[16]  Yuh-Min Chen,et al.  Perceived barriers to physical activity among older adults residing in long-term care institutions. , 2010, Journal of clinical nursing.

[17]  Anton Nijholt,et al.  Movement-Based Sports Video Games: Investigating Motivation and Gaming Experience , 2009, Entertain. Comput..

[18]  Christian U. Krägeloh,et al.  Validation of the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life questionnaire for general use in New Zealand: confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch analysis , 2013, Quality of Life Research.

[19]  A. Bauman,et al.  Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity among Older Australians , 2002 .

[20]  Cheryl Tatano Beck,et al.  Essentials of nursing research: methods, appraisal, and utilization Denise F Polit Essentials of nursing research: methods, appraisal, and utilization , Cheryl Tatano Beck Lipincott Williams and Wilkins 554 £24.95 0781749727 0781749727 [Formula: see text]. , 2006, Nurse researcher.

[21]  Christian U. Krägeloh,et al.  Predictors of physical activity and quality of life in New Zealand prostate cancer survivors undergoing androgen-deprivation therapy. , 2010, The New Zealand medical journal.

[22]  Kenta Yamamoto,et al.  METs in adults while playing active video games: a metabolic chamber study. , 2009, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[23]  Michael Scriven Prose and Cons about Goal-Free Evaluation: , 1991 .

[24]  Dennis Wollersheim,et al.  Physical and Psychosocial Effects of Wii Video Game Use among Older Women , 2010 .

[25]  Nicholas Gant,et al.  Activity and energy expenditure in older people playing active video games. , 2012, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[26]  Henk Herman Nap,et al.  What Is the Key for Older People to Show Interest in Playing Digital Learning Games? Initial Qualitative Findings from the LEAGE Project on a Multicultural European Sample. , 2012, Games for health journal.

[27]  Patrick J Sparto,et al.  The reliability and validity of the Four Square Step Test for people with balance deficits secondary to a vestibular disorder. , 2007, Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation.

[28]  N. Schoenberg,et al.  Promoting Qualitative Research , 2007 .

[29]  G. Healy,et al.  Objectively Measured Activity Patterns among Adults in Residential Aged Care , 2013, International journal of environmental research and public health.

[30]  Cheryl Tatano Beck,et al.  Essentials of nursing research , 2013 .

[31]  R. Clark,et al.  Clinical Use of Nintendo Wii™ Bowling Simulation to Decrease Fall Risk in an Elderly Resident of a Nursing Home: A Case Report , 2009, Journal of geriatric physical therapy.

[32]  S. Morrison,et al.  Strength and coordination training are both effective in reducing the postural tremor amplitude of older adults. , 2010, Journal of aging and physical activity.

[33]  M. Scriven Prose and Cons about Goal-Free Evaluation , 1991 .

[34]  L. Naccarella,et al.  Well for Life: Evaluation and policy implications of a health promotion initiative for frail older people in aged care settings , 2007 .

[35]  C. McHorney,et al.  The MOS 36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36): II. Psychometric and Clinical Tests of Validity in Measuring Physical and Mental Health Constructs , 1993, Medical care.

[36]  J. Kitzinger Focus group research: using group dynamics to explore perceptions, experiences and understandings , 2005 .

[37]  L A Asplund,et al.  A Walking Program for Nursing Home Residents: Effects on Walk Endurance, Physical Activity, Mobility, and Quality of Life , 1996, Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.

[38]  N. Hill,et al.  Agreeableness and activity engagement in nursing home residents with dementia. , 2010, Journal of gerontological nursing.

[39]  David R. Thomas,et al.  A General Inductive Approach for Analyzing Qualitative Evaluation Data , 2006 .

[40]  A. Stewart,et al.  An evaluation of three self-report physical activity instruments for older adults. , 2001, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[41]  S B Roberts,et al.  Exercise training and nutritional supplementation for physical frailty in very elderly people. , 1994, The New England journal of medicine.

[42]  Carol A. Trujillo,et al.  The MOS 36-Item Short Form Health Survey: reliability, validity, and preliminary findings in schizophrenic outpatients. , 1998, Medical care.

[43]  R. Petrella Exercise Training and Nutritional Supplementation for Very Elderly People , 1994 .

[44]  Charles E Matthews,et al.  Comparative validity of physical activity measures in older adults. , 2011, Medicine and science in sports and exercise.

[45]  B. Hodgkinson,et al.  Lessons learned: Staff perceptions of the Nintendo Wii as a health promotion tool within an aged-care and disability service. , 2010, Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals.