Metadyn View: Fast web-based viewer of free energy surfaces calculated by metadynamics

Abstract Metadynamics is a highly successful enhanced sampling technique for simulation of molecular processes and prediction of their free energy surfaces. An in-depth analysis of data obtained by this method is as important as the simulation itself. Although there are several tools to compute free energy surfaces from metadynamics data, they usually lack user friendliness and a build-in visualization part. Here we introduce Metadyn View as a fast and user friendly viewer of bias potential/free energy surfaces calculated by metadynamics in Plumed package. It is based on modern web technologies including HTML5, JavaScript and Cascade Style Sheets (CSS). It can be used by visiting the web site and uploading a HILLS file. It calculates the bias potential/free energy surface on the client-side, so it can run online or offline without necessity to install additional web engines. Moreover, it includes tools for measurement of free energies and free energy differences and data/image export. Program summary Program title: Metadyn View Catalogue identifier: AEYC_v1_0 Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEYC_v1_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen’s University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: GPL v3.0 No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 273269 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 4632839 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: HTML5, JavaScript, CSS, WebGL. Computer: Any computer with a modern web browser compatible with HTML5, JavaScript and CSS. Operating system: Platform-independent. RAM: Depends on the number of Gaussian hills and dimensionality of the bias potential. Classification: 3, 7.7, 23. Nature of problem: Fast and interactive visualization of free energy surfaces of molecular systems calculated by metadynamics method. Solution method: Implementation of optimized Bias Sum algorithm and a set of tools for free energy surface analysis. Unusual features: The program, due to its web-based nature, can be run on a wide range of devices and without installation. Running time: Couple of seconds for a medium sized HILLS file (tens of thousands of lines).

[1]  P ? ? ? ? ? ? ? % ? ? ? ? , 1991 .

[2]  D. Landau,et al.  Efficient, multiple-range random walk algorithm to calculate the density of states. , 2000, Physical review letters.

[3]  Simone Marsili,et al.  ORAC: A molecular dynamics simulation program to explore free energy surfaces in biomolecular systems at the atomistic level , 2009, J. Comput. Chem..

[4]  E. Tajkhorshid,et al.  Driven Metadynamics: Reconstructing Equilibrium Free Energies from Driven Adaptive-Bias Simulations , 2013, The journal of physical chemistry letters.

[5]  Peter M. Kasson,et al.  GROMACS 4.5: a high-throughput and highly parallel open source molecular simulation toolkit , 2013, Bioinform..

[6]  Ricardo Martín,et al.  Thermal racemisation of hepta-, octa-, and nonahelicene : Kinetic results, reaction path and experimental proofs that the racemisation of hexa- and heptahelicene does not involve an intramolecular double diels-alder reaction , 1974 .

[7]  J. Straub,et al.  Statistical-temperature Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics algorithms. , 2006, Physical review letters.

[8]  Massimo Marchi,et al.  Adiabatic bias molecular dynamics: A method to navigate the conformational space of complex molecular systems , 1999 .

[9]  Car,et al.  Unified approach for molecular dynamics and density-functional theory. , 1985, Physical review letters.

[10]  Jana Pazúriková,et al.  Nonlinear vs. linear biasing in Trp-cage folding simulations. , 2015, The Journal of chemical physics.

[11]  P. Kollman,et al.  A Second Generation Force Field for the Simulation of Proteins, Nucleic Acids, and Organic Molecules , 1995 .

[12]  Christoph Junghans,et al.  Molecular Dynamics in the Multicanonical Ensemble: Equivalence of Wang-Landau Sampling, Statistical Temperature Molecular Dynamics, and Metadynamics. , 2014, Journal of chemical theory and computation.

[13]  Franz Saija,et al.  Miller experiments in atomistic computer simulations , 2014, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[14]  Harald Schwalbe,et al.  Molecular Mechanism of SSR128129E, an Extracellularly Acting, Small-Molecule, Allosteric Inhibitor of FGF Receptor Signaling. , 2016, Cancer cell.

[15]  Stefano de Gironcoli,et al.  QUANTUM ESPRESSO: a modular and open-source software project for quantum simulations of materials , 2009, Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal.

[17]  W. Delano The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System , 2002 .

[18]  Michele Parrinello,et al.  A self-learning algorithm for biased molecular dynamics , 2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[19]  Alessandro Laio,et al.  Efficient exploration of reactive potential energy surfaces using Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics. , 2003, Physical review letters.

[20]  V. Hornak,et al.  Comparison of multiple Amber force fields and development of improved protein backbone parameters , 2006, Proteins.

[21]  Alessandro Laio,et al.  Anisotropy of Earth's D″ layer and stacking faults in the MgSiO3 post-perovskite phase , 2005, Nature.

[22]  Steve Plimpton,et al.  Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics , 1993 .

[23]  Alessandro Laio,et al.  A Kinetic Model of Trp-Cage Folding from Multiple Biased Molecular Dynamics Simulations , 2009, PLoS Comput. Biol..

[24]  John P. Brodholt,et al.  Letters to Nature 934 , 2022 .

[25]  Junmei Wang,et al.  Development and testing of a general amber force field , 2004, J. Comput. Chem..

[26]  A. Laio,et al.  Metadynamics: a method to simulate rare events and reconstruct the free energy in biophysics, chemistry and material science , 2008 .

[27]  K Schulten,et al.  VMD: visual molecular dynamics. , 1996, Journal of molecular graphics.

[28]  M. Klein,et al.  Free-energy landscape of ion-channel voltage-sensor–domain activation , 2014, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[29]  Chuan-feng Chen,et al.  Helicenes: synthesis and applications. , 2012, Chemical reviews.

[30]  M. Parrinello,et al.  Well-tempered metadynamics: a smoothly converging and tunable free-energy method. , 2008, Physical review letters.

[31]  Gianni De Fabritiis,et al.  High throughput molecular dynamics for drug discovery , 2015, In Silico Pharmacology.

[32]  Laxmikant V. Kalé,et al.  Scalable molecular dynamics with NAMD , 2005, J. Comput. Chem..

[33]  A. Laio,et al.  A bias-exchange approach to protein folding. , 2007, The journal of physical chemistry. B.

[34]  I T Todorov,et al.  DL_POLY_3: the CCP5 national UK code for molecular–dynamics simulations , 2004, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[35]  Klaus Schulten,et al.  Mature HIV-1 capsid structure by cryo-electron microscopy and all-atom molecular dynamics , 2013, Nature.

[36]  Ross C. Walker,et al.  An overview of the Amber biomolecular simulation package , 2013 .

[37]  Massimiliano Bonomi,et al.  PLUMED 2: New feathers for an old bird , 2013, Comput. Phys. Commun..

[38]  Massimiliano Bonomi,et al.  Reconstructing the equilibrium Boltzmann distribution from well‐tempered metadynamics , 2009, J. Comput. Chem..

[39]  R. Dror,et al.  How Fast-Folding Proteins Fold , 2011, Science.

[40]  Valentina Tozzini,et al.  Coarse-grained models for proteins. , 2005, Current opinion in structural biology.

[41]  Remo Guidieri Res , 1995, RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics.

[42]  Michele Parrinello,et al.  Using sketch-map coordinates to analyze and bias molecular dynamics simulations , 2012, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[43]  A. Laio,et al.  Free-energy landscape for beta hairpin folding from combined parallel tempering and metadynamics. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[44]  A. Laio,et al.  Escaping free-energy minima , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[45]  Massimiliano Bonomi,et al.  PLUMED: A portable plugin for free-energy calculations with molecular dynamics , 2009, Comput. Phys. Commun..

[46]  G. Torrie,et al.  Nonphysical sampling distributions in Monte Carlo free-energy estimation: Umbrella sampling , 1977 .