Model reproduces individual, group and collective dynamics of human contact networks

Empirical data on the dynamics of human face-to-face interactions across a variety of social venues have recently revealed a number of context-independent structural and temporal properties of human contact networks. This universality suggests that some basic mechanisms may be responsible for the unfolding of human interactions in the physical space. Here we discuss a simple model that reproduces the empirical distributions for the individual, group and collective dynamics of face-to-face contact networks. The model describes agents that move randomly in a two-dimensional space and tend to stop when meeting "attractive" peers, and reproduces accurately the empirical distributions.

[1]  Alessandro Vespignani,et al.  The Twitter of Babel: Mapping World Languages through Microblogging Platforms , 2012, PloS one.

[2]  Sasu Tarkoma,et al.  Explaining the power-law distribution of human mobility through transportation modality decomposition , 2014, Scientific Reports.

[3]  Gwyneth Doherty-Sneddon,et al.  Face-to-face and video mediated communication: a comparison of dialogue structure and task performance , 1997 .

[4]  Damon Centola,et al.  The Spread of Behavior in an Online Social Network Experiment , 2010, Science.

[5]  David Lazer,et al.  Inferring friendship network structure by using mobile phone data , 2009, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[6]  Nick Chater,et al.  Networks in Cognitive Science , 2013, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[7]  Albert-Laszló Barabási,et al.  Bursts : the hidden patterns behind everything we do, from your e-mail to bloody crusades , 2011 .

[8]  Cliff Lampe,et al.  The Benefits of Facebook "Friends: " Social Capital and College Students' Use of Online Social Network Sites , 2007, J. Comput. Mediat. Commun..

[9]  James D. Hollan,et al.  Beyond being there , 1992, CHI.

[10]  A. B. Hollingshead,et al.  Four factor index of social status , 1975 .

[11]  R. Bales Interaction process analysis; a method for the study of small groups. , 2013 .

[12]  Filippo Radicchi,et al.  Rationality, Irrationality and Escalating Behavior in Lowest Unique Bid Auctions , 2011, PloS one.

[13]  Lada A. Adamic,et al.  The political blogosphere and the 2004 U.S. election: divided they blog , 2005, LinkKDD '05.

[14]  Garry Robins,et al.  An introduction to exponential random graph (p*) models for social networks , 2007, Soc. Networks.

[15]  Stanley Wasserman,et al.  Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications , 1994, Structural analysis in the social sciences.

[16]  Mark S. Granovetter The Strength of Weak Ties , 1973, American Journal of Sociology.

[17]  Hosung Park,et al.  What is Twitter, a social network or a news media? , 2010, WWW '10.

[18]  Lada A. Adamic,et al.  Search in Power-Law Networks , 2001, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[19]  B Skyrms,et al.  A dynamic model of social network formation. , 2000, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[20]  H. Stanley,et al.  Quantifying Trading Behavior in Financial Markets Using Google Trends , 2013, Scientific Reports.

[21]  Marta C. González,et al.  Understanding individual human mobility patterns , 2008, Nature.

[22]  Pamela J. Hinds,et al.  The Place of Face-to-Face Communication in Distributed Work , 2002 .

[23]  A. Barabasi,et al.  Human dynamics: Darwin and Einstein correspondence patterns , 2005, Nature.

[24]  A. Moore,et al.  Dynamic social network analysis using latent space models , 2005, SKDD.

[25]  P. Pattison,et al.  Random graph models for temporal processes in social networks , 2001 .

[26]  Ciro Cattuto,et al.  Gender homophily from spatial behavior in a primary school: A sociometric study , 2013, Soc. Networks.

[27]  J. Davis Clustering and Hierarchy in Interpersonal Relations: Testing Two Graph Theoretical Models on 742 Sociomatrices , 1970 .

[28]  Ciro Cattuto,et al.  High-Resolution Measurements of Face-to-Face Contact Patterns in a Primary School , 2011, PloS one.

[29]  Kathleen M. Carley A Theory of Group Stability , 1991 .

[30]  A-L Barabási,et al.  Structure and tie strengths in mobile communication networks , 2006, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[31]  K. Scherer Personality inference from voice quality: The loud voice of extroversion. , 1978 .

[32]  Ciro Cattuto,et al.  Dynamics of Person-to-Person Interactions from Distributed RFID Sensor Networks , 2010, PloS one.

[33]  Mark Newman,et al.  Networks: An Introduction , 2010 .

[34]  A. Pentland,et al.  Life in the network: The coming age of computational social science: Science , 2009 .

[35]  Gueorgi Kossinets,et al.  Empirical Analysis of an Evolving Social Network , 2006, Science.

[36]  R. Kapuściński,et al.  A brief history of balance through time , 1996 .

[37]  D. Watts A twenty-first century science , 2007, Nature.

[38]  Filippo Radicchi,et al.  Levy flights in human behavior and cognition , 2013, 1306.6533.

[39]  Linton C. Freeman,et al.  The Sociological Concept of "Group": An Empirical Test of Two Models , 1992, American Journal of Sociology.

[40]  Ciro Cattuto,et al.  The Live Social Semantics application: a platform for integrating face-to-face presence with on-line social networking , 2010, 2010 8th IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PERCOM Workshops).

[41]  Holly Arrow,et al.  Small Groups as Complex Systems: Formation, Coordination, Development, and Adaptation , 2000 .

[42]  Bonnie A. Nardi and Steve Whittaker The Place of Face-to-Face Communication in Distributed Work , 2002 .

[43]  Romualdo Pastor-Satorras,et al.  Random walks on temporal networks. , 2012, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[44]  Sara Kiesler,et al.  Social psychological aspects of computer-mediated communication , 1984 .

[45]  Barry Wellman,et al.  Geography of Twitter networks , 2012, Soc. Networks.

[46]  Albert-László Barabási,et al.  The origin of bursts and heavy tails in human dynamics , 2005, Nature.

[47]  Piotr Sapiezynski,et al.  Measuring Large-Scale Social Networks with High Resolution , 2014, PloS one.

[48]  James Moody,et al.  The Importance of Relationship Timing for Diffusion , 2002 .

[49]  Matt J. Keeling,et al.  Social encounter networks: characterizing Great Britain , 2013, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.

[50]  Nitin Nohria,et al.  Face-to-Face: Making Network Organizations Work , 1992 .

[51]  Andrea Baronchelli,et al.  Modeling human dynamics of face-to-face interaction networks , 2013, Physical review letters.

[52]  P. V. Marsden,et al.  Core Discussion Networks of Americans , 1987 .

[53]  M EsterlingKevin,et al.  Friends, Brokers, and Transitivity: Who Informs Whom in Washington Politics? , 2014 .

[54]  Jari Saramäki,et al.  A comparative study of social network models: Network evolution models and nodal attribute models , 2008, Soc. Networks.

[55]  Herbert H. Clark,et al.  Grounding in communication , 1991, Perspectives on socially shared cognition.

[56]  Ciro Cattuto,et al.  What's in a crowd? Analysis of face-to-face behavioral networks , 2010, Journal of theoretical biology.

[57]  Roger Th. A. J. Leenders,et al.  MODELS FOR NETWORK DYNAMICS - A MARKOVIAN FRAMEWORK , 1995 .

[58]  Kyunghan Lee,et al.  On the Levy-Walk Nature of Human Mobility , 2008, IEEE INFOCOM 2008 - The 27th Conference on Computer Communications.

[59]  H. Stanley,et al.  The Physics of Foraging: An Introduction to Random Searches and Biological Encounters , 2011 .

[60]  Martin A. Nowak,et al.  Infectious Disease Modeling of Social Contagion in Networks , 2010, PLoS Comput. Biol..

[61]  Jari Saramäki,et al.  Temporal Networks , 2011, Encyclopedia of Social Network Analysis and Mining.

[62]  David R. Hunter,et al.  Curved exponential family models for social networks , 2007, Soc. Networks.

[63]  Andrea Baronchelli,et al.  Quantifying the effect of temporal resolution on time-varying networks , 2012, Scientific Reports.

[64]  A. Venables,et al.  Buzz: face-to-face contact and the urban economy , 2004 .

[65]  B. Wellman,et al.  Different Strokes from Different Folks: Community Ties and Social Support , 1990, American Journal of Sociology.

[66]  L. Amaral,et al.  The web of human sexual contacts , 2001, Nature.

[67]  Fang Wu,et al.  Social Networks that Matter: Twitter Under the Microscope , 2008, First Monday.

[68]  Michael Gertz,et al.  Mining email social networks , 2006, MSR '06.

[69]  P. Holme Network reachability of real-world contact sequences. , 2004, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[70]  Alain Barrat,et al.  Social network dynamics of face-to-face interactions , 2011, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[71]  Albert-László Barabási,et al.  Understanding individual human mobility patterns , 2008, Nature.

[72]  D. Lazer Networks in Political Science: Back to the Future , 2011, PS: Political Science & Politics.

[73]  T. Geisel,et al.  The scaling laws of human travel , 2006, Nature.

[74]  W. Bion Experiences in groups and other papers , 1963 .

[75]  Maria A. Kazandjieva,et al.  A high-resolution human contact network for infectious disease transmission , 2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[76]  Alessandro Vespignani,et al.  Random walks and search in time-varying networks. , 2012, Physical review letters.