On the Role of Wind-Driven Sea Ice Motion on Ocean Ventilation

Abstract Simulations with a coupled ocean–atmosphere–sea ice model are used to investigate the role of wind-driven sea ice motion on ocean ventilation. Two model experiments are analyzed in detail: one including and the other excluding wind-driven sea ice transport. Model-simulated concentrations of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are compared with observations from the Weddell Sea, the southeastern Pacific, and the North Atlantic. The authors show that the buoyancy fluxes associated with sea ice divergence control the sites and rates of deep- and intermediate-water formation in the Southern Ocean. Divergence of sea ice along the Antarctic perimeter facilitates bottom-water formation in the Weddell and Ross Seas. Neglecting wind-driven sea ice transport results in unrealistic bottom-water formation in Drake Passage and too-strong convection along the Southern Ocean sea ice margin, whereas convection in the Weddell and Ross Seas is suppressed. The freshwater fluxes implicitly associated with sea ice export also...

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