tuPOY: Epitomizing a New Epoch in Communications With Polymer Textiles

The paper presents a new paradigm from the perspective of pervasive on-body computing through an innovative polymerized textile, which exhibits sensing and radiation properties. A radical, first of its kind, sensor fabricated from unsaturated polymer resin textile, establishes a dynamic link connecting human thermodynamics to electrical ambiance. A dynamic fabrication process of esterification and η-polymerization is developed, which is articulately arrested using an innovatively formulated retardant, yielding a permanent thermally unstable partially oriented yarn (tuPOY). A prudently established nontrivial interchange phenomenon is founded, presenting an inimitable calibration mechanism of the sensors and charting a novel relationship of exuberated energy to lattice kinetics of tuPOY. This meticulously researched conducting medium of tuPOY, fabricated from aromatic polyamides, also presents an avant-garde architecture for proliferation of electrical and thermal signals concomitantly between the sensors and its transmission circuit. A power generating unit (PGU) delineates the power mining from thermal energy dissipated from the body, presenting a new dimension in operational power dynamics. A textile composite antenna is premeditated exclusively from radiating tuPOY-based patch and substrate, an archetype reporting in published literature. The judiciously designed antenna, with tuPOY coupled as its patch, and substrate operate as shields against the radiations directed towards the body leading to a self-sustained sculpt. The back-end hardware of the test setup conceptualizes an automated physician machine (APM) presenting a standalone architecture. The artificial intelligence core of APM is modeled on weighted multiclass support vector machines (wmSVMs). The capturing of signal variations, devoid of any metallic components, presents a singular facet of research and amalgamates various interdisciplinary fields, while providing a robust architecture with minimum tradeoffs.

[1]  John C. Batchelor,et al.  Button antenna on textiles for wireless local area network on body applications , 2010 .

[2]  Eun Cheol Kim,et al.  Improved performance of UWB system for wireless body area networks , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics.

[3]  H Rogier,et al.  Active Integrated Wearable Textile Antenna With Optimized Noise Characteristics , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[4]  David B Smith,et al.  Second-Order Statistics for Many-Link Body Area Networks , 2010, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[5]  Andrea Ridolfi,et al.  BIOTEX—Biosensing Textiles for Personalised Healthcare Management , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine.

[6]  Shyamal Patel,et al.  A Novel Approach to Monitor Rehabilitation Outcomes in Stroke Survivors Using Wearable Technology , 2010, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[7]  John C. Batchelor,et al.  Dual-band wearable metallic button antennas and transmission in body area networks , 2010 .

[8]  A. Fort,et al.  A Body Area Propagation Model Derived From Fundamental Principles: Analytical Analysis and Comparison With Measurements , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[9]  Jianfeng Wang,et al.  Applications, challenges, and prospective in emerging body area networking technologies , 2010, IEEE Wireless Communications.

[10]  Ming Li,et al.  Data security and privacy in wireless body area networks , 2010, IEEE Wireless Communications.

[11]  Rosalind W. Picard,et al.  A Wearable Sensor for Unobtrusive, Long-Term Assessment of Electrodermal Activity , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

[12]  Yang Hao,et al.  Experimental Characterization of UWB On-Body Radio Channel in Indoor Environment Considering Different Antennas , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[13]  Nikolaos G. Bourbakis,et al.  A Survey on Wearable Sensor-Based Systems for Health Monitoring and Prognosis , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews).

[14]  Victor C. M. Leung,et al.  Enabling technologies for wireless body area networks: A survey and outlook , 2009, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[15]  Minseok Kim,et al.  Statistical Model for 4.5-GHz Narrowband On-Body Propagation Channel With Specific Actions , 2009, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

[16]  Dario Salvi,et al.  Wearable and Mobile System to Manage Remotely Heart Failure , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine.

[17]  Ingrid Moerman,et al.  Characterization of On-Body Communication Channel and Energy Efficient Topology Design for Wireless Body Area Networks , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine.

[18]  Paolo Bonato,et al.  Monitoring Motor Fluctuations in Patients With Parkinson's Disease Using Wearable Sensors , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine.

[19]  Upamanyu Madhow,et al.  Blockage and directivity in 60 GHz wireless personal area networks: from cross-layer model to multihop MAC design , 2009, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[20]  Yonggang Huang,et al.  Printed Assemblies of Inorganic Light-Emitting Diodes for Deformable and Semitransparent Displays , 2009, Science.

[21]  Sun Kook Yoo,et al.  Wearable ECG Monitoring System Using Conductive Fabrics and Active Electrodes , 2009, HCI.

[22]  Do-Un Jeong,et al.  Real-Time Monitoring of Ubiquitous Wearable ECG Sensor Node for Healthcare Application , 2009, ICCSA.

[23]  Alberto Fazzi,et al.  Human-centric connectivity enabled by body-coupled communications , 2009, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[24]  Francesco Chiti,et al.  An integrated communications framework for context aware continuous monitoring with body sensor networks , 2009, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[25]  Luis Alonso,et al.  Highly reliable energy-saving mac for wireless body sensor networks in healthcare systems , 2009, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[26]  M. Takahashi,et al.  Characteristics of Cavity Slot Antenna for Body-Area Networks , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[27]  P.S. Hall,et al.  Multiple Antenna Reception at 5.8 and 10 GHz for Body-Centric Wireless Communication Channels , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[28]  P. J. Lemstra Confined Polymers Crystallize , 2009, Science.

[29]  A. Facchetti,et al.  A high-mobility electron-transporting polymer for printed transistors , 2009, Nature.

[30]  Alfred C. Weaver,et al.  Body Sensors: Wireless Access to Physiological Data , 2009, IEEE Software.

[31]  Benton H. Calhoun,et al.  Body Area Sensor Networks: Challenges and Opportunities , 2009, Computer.

[32]  John R. Long,et al.  Low-Complexity Ultra-Wide-Band Communications , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs.

[33]  Christoph D Gatzka Pulse pressure: where, how, and why? , 2008, American journal of hypertension.

[34]  Ivan Grech,et al.  Body area network for wireless patient monitoring , 2008, IET Commun..

[35]  Stephen Z. D. Cheng Materials science: Polymer crystals downsized , 2007, Nature.

[36]  A. Darzi,et al.  A Pervasive Body Sensor Network for Measuring Postoperative Recovery at Home , 2007, Surgical innovation.

[37]  Gao Min,et al.  Conversion Efficiency of Thermoelectric Combustion Systems , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[38]  William Stafford Noble,et al.  Support vector machine , 2013 .

[39]  M. Klemm,et al.  Textile UWB Antennas for Wireless Body Area Networks , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[40]  Yiguang Liu,et al.  A novel and quick SVM-based multi-class classifier , 2006, Pattern Recognit..

[41]  B. Mallick,et al.  Microstrain analysis of proton irradiated PET microfiber , 2006 .

[42]  Geoffrey E. Hinton,et al.  Reducing the Dimensionality of Data with Neural Networks , 2006, Science.

[43]  Charlotte K. Williams,et al.  The Path Forward for Biofuels and Biomaterials , 2006, Science.

[44]  Ullrich Scherf,et al.  How single conjugated polymer molecules respond to electric fields , 2006, Nature materials.

[45]  K. Tewari,et al.  Digital computer simulation of pulse wave transmission in arteries , 1971, Medical and biological engineering.

[46]  R. Langer,et al.  Light-induced shape-memory polymers , 2005, Nature.

[47]  Chih-Jen Lin,et al.  Probability Estimates for Multi-class Classification by Pairwise Coupling , 2003, J. Mach. Learn. Res..

[48]  G. J. Snyder,et al.  Thermoelectric efficiency and compatibility. , 2003, Physical review letters.

[49]  Paula Gould,et al.  Textiles gain intelligence , 2003 .

[50]  Chih-Jen Lin,et al.  Asymptotic Behaviors of Support Vector Machines with Gaussian Kernel , 2003, Neural Computation.

[51]  G. Özkan,et al.  Application of Box–Wilson Optimization Technique to the Partially Oriented Yarn Properties , 2003 .

[52]  R. Gross,et al.  Biodegradable polymers for the environment. , 2002, Science.

[53]  Alexandre Pollini,et al.  UWB Transmission and MIMO Antenna Systems for Nomadic Users and Mobile PANs , 2002, Wirel. Pers. Commun..

[54]  E Mjolsness,et al.  Machine learning for science: state of the art and future prospects. , 2001, Science.

[55]  Yong Cao,et al.  Improved quantum efficiency for electroluminescence in semiconducting polymers , 1999, Nature.

[56]  O. Kahn,et al.  Spin-Transition Polymers: From Molecular Materials Toward Memory Devices , 1998 .

[57]  M. O'Rourke,et al.  Pulse wave analysis. , 1996, Journal of hypertension. Supplement : official journal of the International Society of Hypertension.

[58]  A. Yassar,et al.  All-Polymer Field-Effect Transistor Realized by Printing Techniques , 1994, Science.

[59]  K. Suematsu,et al.  Interchange reactions during polymerization: reexamination of the polymerization mechanism of .epsilon.-caprolactam , 1992 .

[60]  P. Calvert Polymers that make light work , 1989, Nature.

[61]  H. Tadokoro Structure and properties of crystalline polymers , 1979 .

[62]  J. M. HUTCHINSON,et al.  Microstress mechanism for the time dependence of the modulus of crystalline polymers following an imposed change in volume , 1974, Nature.

[63]  R. C. Little,et al.  Polymer structures and turbulent shear stability of drag reducing solutions , 1974, Nature.

[64]  A. E. Brown,et al.  Polyester Fiber: From Its Invention to Its Present Position , 1971, Science.

[65]  I. Yannas Massive Internal Fracture of an Amorphous Polyester , 1969, Science.

[66]  George C. Oppenlander Structure and Properties of Crystalline Polymers , 1968, Science.

[67]  R. Jenkins Some viscoelastic properties of siloxane polymers during irradiation , 1966 .

[68]  W. R. Moore Adhesion and Thermal Degradation of High Polymers , 1965, Nature.

[69]  J. Henniker Triboelectricity in Polymers , 1962, Nature.

[70]  E. V. Somers,et al.  Optimization of a Sandwiched Thermoelectric Device , 1961 .

[71]  R. W. Ure,et al.  Calculation of Efficiency of Thermoelectric Devices , 1960 .