Reconstruction of the electrical activity of cardiac Purkinje fibres.

1. The electrical activity of Cardiac Purkinje fibres was reconstructed using a mathematical model of the membrane current. The individual components of ionic curent were described by equations which wee based as closely as possible on previous experiments using the voltage clamp technique. 2. Membrane action potentials and pace‐maker activity were calculated and compared with time course of underlying changes in two functionally distinct outeard currents, iX1 and iK2. 3. The repolarization of the theoretical action potential is triggered by the onset of iX1, which becomes activated over the plateau range of potentials. iK2 also activates during the plateau but does not play a controlling role in the repolarization. Hwever, iK2 does govern the slow pace‐maker depolarization through its subsequent deactivation at negative potentials. 4. The individual phases of the calculated action potential and their 'experimental' modifications were compared with published records. The upstroke is generated by a Hodgkin‐Huxley type sodium conductance (gNa), and rises with a maximum rate of 478 V/sec, somewhat less than experimentally observed values ( up to 800 V/sec). The discrepancy is discussed in relation to experimental attempts at measuring gNa. 5. The ole of the transient outward chloride current (called igr) was studied in calculations of the rapid phase of repolarization and 'notch' configuration...

[1]  J W Moore,et al.  On numerical integration of the Hodgkin and Huxley equations for a membrane action potential. , 1974, Journal of theoretical biology.

[2]  R. H. Adrian,et al.  Reconstruction of the action potential of frog sartorius muscle , 1973, The Journal of physiology.

[3]  H A Fozzard,et al.  The positive dynamic current and its inactivation properties in cardiac Purkinje fibres , 1973, The Journal of physiology.

[4]  W. Trautwein,et al.  Membrane Currents in Cardiac Muscle Fibers , 1973 .

[5]  H A Fozzard,et al.  Action potential and contraction of heart muscle. , 1973, The American journal of cardiology.

[6]  H. Reuter,et al.  Divalent cations as charge carriers in excitable membranes. , 1973, Progress in biophysics and molecular biology.

[7]  H A Fozzard,et al.  Strength—duration curves in cardiac Purkinje fibres: effects of liminal length and charge distribution , 1972, The Journal of physiology.

[8]  D. Noble,et al.  The relation of Rushton's ‘liminal length’ for excitation to the resting and active conductances of excitable cells , 1972, The Journal of physiology.

[9]  D. Noble,et al.  Separation of the pace‐maker and plateau components of delayed rectification in cardiac Purkinje fibres , 1972, The Journal of physiology.

[10]  D. Noble,et al.  The dependence of plateau currents in cardiac Purkinje fibres on the interval between action potentials , 1972, The Journal of physiology.

[11]  A. L. Wit,et al.  Conduction of the Cardiac Impulse III. Characteristics of very slow conduction , 1972 .

[12]  E. Page,et al.  The surface area of sheep cardiac Purkinje fibres , 1972, The Journal of physiology.

[13]  A. L. Wit,et al.  Conduction of the Cardiac Impulse , 1972, The Journal of general physiology.

[14]  D. Noble.  Conductance mechanisms in excitable cells. , 1972, Biomembranes.

[15]  M. Lieberman,et al.  Heart: excitation and contraction. , 1971, Annual review of physiology.

[16]  R.Eric McAllister,et al.  Two programs for computation of action potentials, stimulus responses, voltage-clamp currents, and current-voltage relations of excitable membranes , 1970 .

[17]  Mariovassalle.  Electrogenic Suppression of Automaticity in Sheep and Dog Purkinje Fibers , 1970 .

[18]  R. H. Adrian,et al.  Voltage clamp experiments in striated muscle fibres , 1970, The Journal of physiology.

[19]  A. Vleugels,et al.  Choline Permeability in Cardiac Muscle Cells of the Cat , 1970, The Journal of general physiology.

[20]  W. Trautwein,et al.  The Structural Implications of the Linear Electrical Properties of Cardiac Purkinje Strands , 1970, The Journal of general physiology.

[21]  G W Beeler,et al.  Voltage clamp experiments on ventricular myocardial fibres , 1970, The Journal of physiology.

[22]  B. Hille,et al.  Ionic channels in nerve membranes. , 1970, Progress in biophysics and molecular biology.

[23]  D. Noble,et al.  Reconstruction of the actions of adrenaline and calcium on cardiac pacemaker potentials. , 1969, The Journal of physiology.

[24]  D. Noble,et al.  Outward membrane currents activated in the plateau range of potentials in cardiac Purkinje fibres , 1969, The Journal of physiology.

[25]  R. H. Adrian,et al.  Rectification in muscle membrane. , 1969, Progress in biophysics and molecular biology.

[26]  D. Noble,et al.  The mechanism of oscillatory activity at low membrane potentials in cardiac Purkinje fibres , 1969, The Journal of physiology.

[27]  D. Noble,et al.  Reconstruction of the repolarization process in cardiac Purkinje fibres based on voltage clamp measurements of membrane current , 1969, The Journal of physiology.

[28]  D. Noble,et al.  Adrenaline: Mechanism of Action on the Pacemaker Potential in Cardiac Purkinje Fibers , 1968, Science.

[29]  R. McAllister.  Computed action potentials for Purkinje fiber membranes with resistance and capacitance in series. , 1968, Biophysical journal.

[30]  H. Reuter.  Slow inactivation of currents in cardiac Purkinje fibres , 1968, The Journal of physiology.

[31]  D. Noble,et al.  The kinetics and rectifier properties of the slow potassium current in cardiac Purkinje fibres , 1968, The Journal of physiology.

[32]  J. Sommer,et al.  Cardiac muscle. A comparative study of Purkinje fibers and ventricular fibers. , 1968 .

[33]  D. Noble,et al.  The effect of subthreshold potentials on the membrane current in cardiac Purkinje fibres , 1967, The Journal of physiology.

[34]  L. D. Davis,et al.  Effect of Calcium Concentration on the Transmembrane Potentials of Purkinje Fibers , 1967, Circulation research.

[35]  D. Noble,et al.  The time and voltage dependence of the slow outward current in cardiac Purkinje fibres , 1966, The Journal of physiology.

[36]  M. Vassalle.  Analysis of cardiac pacemaker potential using a "voltage clamp" technique. , 1966, The American journal of physiology.

[37]  H A Fozzard,et al.  Membrane capacity of the cardiac Purkinje fibre , 1966, The Journal of physiology.

[38]  Transient Responses of Purkinje Fibres to Non-uniform Currents , 1963, Nature.

[39]  D. Noble,et al.  The Conditions for Initiating "All-or-Nothing" Repolarization in Cardiac Muscle. , 1963, Biophysical journal.

[40]  D. Noble,et al.  Current—voltage relations of Purkinje fibres in sodium‐deficient solutions , 1963, The Journal of physiology.

[41]  E. Boulpaep.  PERMEABILITY OF HEART MUSCLE TO CHOLINE. , 1963, Archives internationales de physiologie et de biochimie.

[42]  D. Noble.  A modification of the Hodgkin—Huxley equations applicable to Purkinje fibre action and pacemaker potentials , 1962, The Journal of physiology.

[43]  W. Trautwein.  Elektrophysiologie der Herzmuskelfaser , 1961 .

[44]  D. Noble,et al.  Anion conductance of cardiac muscle , 1961, The Journal of physiology.

[45]  R. E. Taylor,et al.  Leakage Current Rectification in the Squid Giant Axon , 1961, Nature.

[46]  E. George,et al.  Solutions of the Hodgkin-Huxley equations for squid axon treated with tetraethylammonium and in potassium-rich media. , 1961, The Australian journal of experimental biology and medical science.

[47]  E. Carmeliet,et al.  Chloride ions and the membrane potential of Purkinje fibres , 1961, The Journal of physiology.

[48]  A. J. Brady,et al.  The sodium‐potassium hypothesis as the basis of electrical activity in frog ventricle , 1960, The Journal of physiology.

[49]  D. Noble.  Cardiac Action and Pacemaker Potentials based on the Hodgkin-Huxley Equations , 1960, Nature.

[50]  D. Noble,et al.  Rectifying Properties of Heart Muscle , 1960, Nature.

[51]  R. FitzHugh.  Thresholds and Plateaus in the Hodgkin-Huxley Nerve Equations , 1960, The Journal of general physiology.

[52]  F. Dodge,et al.  Membrane currents in isolated frog nerve fibre under voltage clamp conditions , 1958, The Journal of physiology.

[53]  B. Hoffman,et al.  PROPAGATED REPOLARIZATION IN HEART MUSCLE , 1958, The Journal of general physiology.

[54]  S. Weidmann,et al.  Effects of calcium ions and local anaesthetics on electrical properties of Purkinje fibres , 1955, The Journal of physiology.

[55]  S. Weidmann,et al.  The effect of the cardiac membrane potential on the rapid availability of the sodium‐carrying system , 1955, The Journal of physiology.

[56]  S. Weidmann,et al.  The electrical constants of Purkinje fibres , 1952, The Journal of physiology.

[57]  A. Hodgkin,et al.  A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve , 1952, The Journal of physiology.

[58]  A. Hodgkin,et al.  THE IONIC BASIS OF ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY IN NERVE AND MUSCLE , 1951 .

[59]  S. Weidmann,et al.  Effect of current flow on the membrane potential of cardiac muscle , 1951, The Journal of physiology.

[60]  S. Weidmann,et al.  Cardiac resting and action potentials recorded with an intracellular electrode , 1951, The Journal of physiology.