Data matching method and data matching device

The invention provides a data matching method and a data matching device. The method comprises: a historical data storing window stores historical characters of preset bytes before characters to be input in a random storage of the historical data storing window; a Hash calculation unit calculates the Hash values of the characters to be input, determines the character indexes corresponding to the characters to be input according to the Hash values and stores the character indexes in the random storage of the Hash calculation unit, wherein the character indexes are the information on the positions of the historical characters corresponding to the characters to be input in the random storage of the historical data storing window; and a matching and searching unit acquires the character indexes from the random storage of the Hash calculation unit and matches the characters to be input with the historical characters according to the character indexes. Due to the processing, the processing efficiency of an Lz77 algorithm can be improved, and the central processing unit (CPU) and storage resources are saved greatly.