The new US Government standard 4800-b/s code-excited linear predictive (CELP) coder is compared with the 2400-b/s linear prediction (LPC-10e) and 16000-b/s continuously variable slope delta modulation (CVSD) Federal Standard voice coders. This comparison includes speech quality and intelligibility in quiet and noisy environments/channels, speaker recognition, analog and digital implementation requirements, tandem coding, and coding delay. CELP is shown to offer dramatic improvements in speech quality relative to LPC-10e and CVSD. Although CELP requires significantly more computation than CVSD or LPC-10e, a version can be implemented on a single, new-generation, digital-signal-processing (DSP) chip. CELP provides interoperability among various computationally complex implementations, and CELP's robust performance tolerates a wide range of speaker variation, background noise conditions, analog impairments (i.e. nonflat microphones and channels), tandems, and errors. These features make CELP ideal for many speech applications.<<ETX>>
[1]
Joseph P. Campbell,et al.
A 4.8 kbps code-excited linear predictive coder
,
1988
.
[2]
Joseph P. Campbell,et al.
An expandable error-protected 4800 bps CELP coder (US Federal Standard 4800 bps voice coder)
,
1989,
International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,.
[3]
Jesse W. Fussell,et al.
Providing channel error protection for a 2400 bps linear predictive coded voice system
,
1978,
ICASSP.
[4]
Joseph P. Campbell,et al.
Voiced/Unvoiced classification of speech with applications to the U.S. government LPC-10E algorithm
,
1986,
ICASSP '86. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.