State-of-the-art in the industrial implementation of protective relay functions, communication mechanism and synchronized phasor capabilities for electric power systems protection

Protective systems in electricity delivery networks have a major role to play in the increasing of renewable energy systems, and a broad understanding of their current a future application can aid into better taking them into account for achieving future energy networks that adapt for the incorporation of renewable energy generation sources. This paper provides a survey in the state of the art of protective relaying technology and its associated communications technology used in today's power transmission systems. The paper also provides the fundamental knowledge concerned with power system relaying communications. The unifying theme of this paper is to highlight that the future potential of these devices lies in realizing the possibility of going beyond their traditional application as stand-alone equipments with the single role of acting “the last line of defense” so that they can be handled with the increment of renewable energy power delivery systems in near future.

[1]  R. Leelaruji,et al.  Coordination of protection and VSC-HVDC systems for mitigating cascading failures , 2010, 2010 International Conference on Power System Technology.

[2]  J. Soehren,et al.  Special considerations in applying power line carrier for protective relaying - IEEE power systems relaying committee special paper - relaying communications subcommittee, working group H9, 1-5-04 , 2004, 57th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers, 2004.

[3]  James S. Thorp,et al.  Aspects of power system protection in the post-restructuring era , 1999, Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences. 1999. HICSS-32. Abstracts and CD-ROM of Full Papers.

[4]  S. S. Venkata,et al.  Wide-Area Adaptive Protection Using Distributed Control and High-Speed Communications , 2002 .

[5]  Cobus Strauss.  Practical electrical network automation and communication systems , 2003 .

[6]  F T Dai.  Impacts of distributed generation on protection and autoreclosing of distribution networks , 2010 .

[7]  R.J. Best,et al.  Differential ROCOF relay for Loss-of-Mains protection of Renewable Generation using phasor measurement over Internet Protocol , 2009, 2009 CIGRE/IEEE PES Joint Symposium Integration of Wide-Scale Renewable Resources Into the Power Delivery System.

[8]  D John Morrow,et al.  Synchrophasor Broadcast Over Internet Protocol for Distributed Generator Synchronization , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[9]  Seong-Chul Kwon,et al.  Evaluation of protection coordination with distributed generation in distribution networks , 2010 .

[10]  D.J. Morrow,et al.  Internet based phasor measurement system for phase control of synchronous islands , 2008, 2008 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting - Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the 21st Century.

[11]  Martin Braun,et al.  Effects of Distributed Generators from Renewable Energy on the Protection System in Distribution Networks , 2012 .

[12]  Moustafa Chenine,et al.  Survey on priorities and communication requirements for PMU-based applications in the Nordic Region , 2009, 2009 IEEE Bucharest PowerTech.

[13]  A. G. Phadke,et al.  Feasibility of adaptive distribution protection system using computer overcurrent relaying concept , 1988 .

[14]  E.O. Schweitzer,et al.  Real-Time Power System Control Using Synchrophasors , 2008, 2008 61st Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers.

[15]  J. Lewis Blackburn,et al.  Protective Relaying: Principles And Applications , 2006 .

[16]  J. W. Evans,et al.  Influence of power system protection on system blackouts , 1998 .

[17]  P.B. Eriksen,et al.  A Large Wind Power System in Almost Island Operation—A Danish Case Study , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[18]  Ali Feliachi,et al.  Communication delays in wide area measurement systems , 2002, Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth Southeastern Symposium on System Theory (Cat. No.02EX540).

[19]  Abraham Ellis,et al.  Understanding Variability and Uncertainty of Photovoltaics for Integration with the Electric Power System , 2009 .

[20]  P.W. Lehn,et al.  Control Methodology to Mitigate the Grid Impact of Wind Turbines , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[21]  Frank Fuller Fowle,et al.  Standard handbook for electrical engineers , 2012 .

[22]  J.A. Beaupre,et al.  Advanced monitoring technologies for substations , 2000, 2000 IEEE ESMO - 2000 IEEE 9th International Conference on Transmission and Distribution Construction, Operation and Live-Line Maintenance Proceedings. ESMO 2000 Proceedings. Global ESMO 2000. The Pow.

[23]  P. B. Dutta Gupta,et al.  Microprocessor-based UHS relaying for distance protection using advanced generation signal processing , 1992 .

[24]  Madeleine Gibescu,et al.  Classification technique to quantify the significance of partly cloudy conditions for reserve requirements due to photovoltaic plants , 2011, 2011 IEEE Trondheim PowerTech.

[25]  David E. Whitehead,et al.  Real-world synchrophasor solutions , 2009, 2009 62nd Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers.

[26]  M. Imai,et al.  New type of islanding detection system for distributed generation based on voltage angle difference between utility network and distributed generation site , 2004 .