Acute and chronic effects of oral administration of a medium‐chain fatty acid, capric acid, on locomotor activity and anxiety‐like and depression‐related behaviors in adult male C57BL/6J mice

Capric acid (also known as decanoic acid or C10) is one of the fatty acids in the medium‐chain triglycerides (MCTs) commonly found in dietary fats. Although dietary treatment with MCTs is recently of great interest for the potential therapeutic effects on neuropsychiatric disorders, the effects of oral administration of C10 on behavior remain to be examined. This study investigated acute and chronic effects of oral administration of C10 on locomotor activity and anxiety‐like and depression‐related behaviors in adult male C57BL/6J mice.

[1]  H. Shoji,et al.  Effects of test experience, closed-arm wall color, and illumination level on behavior and plasma corticosterone response in an elevated plus maze in male C57BL/6J mice: a challenge against conventional interpretation of the test , 2021, Molecular Brain.

[2]  H. Shoji,et al.  Systematic analysis of brain lactate and pH levels in 65 animal models related to neuropsychiatric conditions , 2021 .

[3]  M. Husain,et al.  Modulation of Brain Hyperexcitability: Potential New Therapeutic Approaches in Alzheimer’s Disease , 2020, International journal of molecular sciences.

[4]  J. Meador-Woodruff,et al.  Evidence for altered energy metabolism, increased lactate, and decreased pH in schizophrenia brain: A focused review and meta-analysis of human postmortem and magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies , 2020, Schizophrenia Research.

[5]  P. Whelan,et al.  The Effects of a Ketogenic Diet on Sensorimotor Function in a Thoracolumbar Mouse Spinal Cord Injury Model , 2020, eNeuro.

[6]  Chao Huang,et al.  Evaluation of the antidepressive property of β-hydroxybutyrate in mice , 2019, Behavioural pharmacology.

[7]  H. Shoji,et al.  Differential effects of stress exposure via two types of restraint apparatuses on behavior and plasma corticosterone level in inbred male BALB/cAJcl mice , 2019, Neuropsychopharmacology reports.

[8]  Hironori K. Nakamura,et al.  Peripheral blood metabolome predicts mood change-related activity in mouse model of bipolar disorder , 2019, Molecular Brain.

[9]  H. Shoji,et al.  Increased depression-related behavior during the postpartum period in inbred BALB/c and C57BL/6 strains , 2019, Molecular Brain.

[10]  Yongjun Chen,et al.  The effect of ketogenic diet on behaviors and synaptic functions of naive mice , 2019, Brain and behavior.

[11]  T. Miyakawa,et al.  Transcriptomic immaturity inducible by neural hyperexcitation is shared by multiple neuropsychiatric disorders , 2019, Communications Biology.

[12]  Sama F. Sleiman,et al.  Lactate is an antidepressant that mediates resilience to stress by modulating the hippocampal levels and activity of histone deacetylases , 2019, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[13]  P. Cooper,et al.  Ketogenic diets for drug-resistant epilepsy. , 2018, The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.

[14]  C. Sandi,et al.  Medium chain triglyceride diet reduces anxiety-like behaviors and enhances social competitiveness in rats , 2018, Neuropharmacology.

[15]  E. Lira,et al.  Can coconut oil and treadmill exercise during the critical period of brain development ameliorate stress-related effects on anxiety-like behavior and episodic-like memory in young rats? , 2018, Food & function.

[16]  M. Walker,et al.  Mechanisms of action for the medium-chain triglyceride ketogenic diet in neurological and metabolic disorders , 2018, The Lancet Neurology.

[17]  R. Duman,et al.  Beta-hydroxybutyrate, an endogenic NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, attenuates stress-induced behavioral and inflammatory responses , 2017, Scientific Reports.

[18]  Keiichi I Nakayama,et al.  Decreased Brain pH as a Shared Endophenotype of Psychiatric Disorders , 2017, Neuropsychopharmacology.

[19]  A. Campos,et al.  Antidepressant-like effect of valproic acid—Possible involvement of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway , 2017, Behavioural Brain Research.

[20]  J. Rho.  How does the ketogenic diet induce anti-seizure effects? , 2017, Neuroscience Letters.

[21]  M. Mattson,et al.  3‐Hydroxybutyrate regulates energy metabolism and induces BDNF expression in cerebral cortical neurons , 2016, Journal of neurochemistry.

[22]  P J Magistretti,et al.  Peripheral administration of lactate produces antidepressant-like effects , 2016, Molecular Psychiatry.

[23]  L. Sampaio.  Ketogenic diet for epilepsy treatment. , 2016, Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria.

[24]  Gregory Lefebvre,et al.  Medium‐chain fatty acids inhibit mitochondrial metabolism in astrocytes promoting astrocyte‐neuron lactate and ketone body shuttle systems , 2016, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[25]  M. Molendijk,et al.  Coping with the Forced Swim Stressor: Towards Understanding an Adaptive Mechanism , 2016, Neural plasticity.

[26]  M. Walker,et al.  Seizure control by decanoic acid through direct AMPA receptor inhibition , 2015, Brain : a journal of neurology.

[27]  Dongmei Wang,et al.  Cognition and Synaptic-Plasticity Related Changes in Aged Rats Supplemented with 8- and 10-Carbon Medium Chain Triglycerides , 2015, PloS one.

[28]  P. Wlaź,et al.  Acute anticonvulsant effects of capric acid in seizure tests in mice , 2015, Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry.

[29]  Jurgen Germann,et al.  Gestational ketogenic diet programs brain structure and susceptibility to depression & anxiety in the adult mouse offspring , 2014, Brain and behavior.

[30]  Jonathan Cueto-Escobedo,et al.  Myristic Acid Produces Anxiolytic-Like Effects in Wistar Rats in the Elevated Plus Maze , 2014, BioMed research international.

[31]  T. Miyakawa,et al.  Immature Dentate Gyrus: An Endophenotype of Neuropsychiatric Disorders , 2013, Neural plasticity.

[32]  M. Mattson,et al.  A ketone ester diet exhibits anxiolytic and cognition-sparing properties, and lessens amyloid and tau pathologies in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease , 2013, Neurobiology of Aging.

[33]  Jong M. Rho,et al.  The Ketogenic Diet as a Treatment Paradigm for Diverse Neurological Disorders , 2012, Front. Pharmacol..

[34]  R. Porsolt,et al.  Rodent Models of Depression: Forced Swim and Tail Suspension Behavioral Despair Tests in Rats and Mice , 2011, Current protocols in neuroscience.

[35]  J. Wheless.  History of the ketogenic diet , 2008, Epilepsia.

[36]  H. Otu,et al.  A high-fat, ketogenic diet induces a unique metabolic state in mice. , 2007, American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism.

[37]  B. Cohen,et al.  Behavioral effects of short-term administration of lithium and valproic acid in rats , 2006, Brain Research.

[38]  A. P. Carobrez,et al.  Ethological and temporal analyses of anxiety-like behavior: The elevated plus-maze model 20 years on , 2005, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.

[39]  M. Hascöet,et al.  Evidence for the activity of lamotrigine at 5-HT(1A) receptors in the mouse forced swimming test. , 2005, Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN.

[40]  C. Large,et al.  Evaluation of the effects of lamotrigine, valproate and carbamazepine in a rodent model of mania , 2005, Behavioural Brain Research.

[41]  W. Burnham,et al.  The antidepressant properties of the ketogenic diet , 2004, Biological Psychiatry.

[42]  Yoav Benjamini,et al.  SEE locomotor behavior test discriminates C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mouse inbred strains across laboratories and protocol conditions. , 2003, Behavioral neuroscience.

[43]  D. Rainnie,et al.  The Amygdala, Panic Disorder, and Cardiovascular Responses , 2003, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[44]  C. Belzung,et al.  The open field as a paradigm to measure the effects of drugs on anxiety-like behaviors: a review. , 2003, European journal of pharmacology.

[45]  Y. Benjamini,et al.  Controlling the false discovery rate in behavior genetics research , 2001, Behavioural Brain Research.

[46]  I. Lucki,et al.  Limitations on the use of the C57BL/6 mouse in the tail suspension test , 2001, Psychopharmacology.

[47]  A. Shekhar,et al.  Role of corticotropin-releasing factor and urocortin within the basolateral amygdala of rats in anxiety and panic responses , 1999, Behavioural Brain Research.

[48]  F. Goodwin,et al.  Preliminary report of a simple animal behavior model for the anxiolytic effects of benzodiazepines , 1980, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[49]  R. Porsolt,et al.  Behavioral despair in mice: a primary screening test for antidepressants. , 1977, Archives internationales de pharmacodynamie et de therapie.

[50]  W H Oldendorf,et al.  Carrier-mediated blood-brain barrier transport of short-chain monocarboxylic organic acids. , 1973, The American journal of physiology.

[51]  P. Huttenlocher,et al.  Medium‐chain triglycerides as a therapy for intractable childhood epilepsy , 1971, Neurology.

[52]  V H Denenberg,et al.  OPEN‐FIELD BEHAVIOR IN THE RAT: WHAT DOES IT MEAN? * , 1969, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[53]  Michael R. Binder.  The Multi-Circuit Neuronal Hyperexcitability Hypothesis of Psychiatric Disorders , 2019, American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine.

[54]  B. Thierry,et al.  The tail suspension test: A new method for screening antidepressants in mice , 2004, Psychopharmacology.

[55]  Rm. Wilder,et al.  The effects of ketonemia on the course of epilepsy , 1921 .