3D Printed Tubular Guides for Pedicle Screw Placement: The Answer for the Need of a Greater Accuracy in Spinal Stabilization

Recently, many different systems have been developed in order to help the spinal surgeon in the placement of pedicle screws, and to reduce the incidence of misplacement. The most used system is surely the neuronavigator [8]. Widely known and applied in oncologic brain surgery, its use is increasingly widespread also in spine surgery. A preoperative surgical planning is performed on the basis of a thin slice CT scan, with a margin of error starting from 0.5 mm.