Real-time implementation & evaluation of grid-connected microgrid energy management systems

This paper proposes the real-time implementation of an energy management system (EMS) optimization sequence and enumerates a set of performance metrics for grid-connected microgrids. The operation and performance of the proposed microgrid EMS is validated using a real-time hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing platform. The test system emulates the microgrid network, the distributed energy resources (DER) and their corresponding local controllers on a real-time-digital-simulator (RTDS). The microgrid EMS script under evaluation runs on a desktop computer and interfaces the RTDS through a separate digital controller. Real-time simulation results are used to quantify the performance of a grid-connected microgrid EMS in terms of power import constraints, the levelized cost of energy and fuel consumption provided by the DER scheduling algorithms. A utility 25 kV distribution test-line featuring a Type-4 wind turbine generator (WTG), battery energy storage system (BESS), diesel generator and controllable loads has been used for the benchmark test system.

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