The DevOps Continuum: Walking the Shadowy Bridge from Information Systems Development to Operations

In recent years, enterprises have observed that a holistic approach to agile information systems development and a close integration of information systems operations is essential to maximize the probability of success, leading to the emerging DevOps phenomenon. While first studies have delivered first preliminary insights about DevOps, a foundational understanding of DevOps implementations and theoretical grounding of DevOps is still missing. To close this gap, we conducted a multiple-case study to explore a variety of characteristics of DevOps, and how these different characteristics influence its implementation in different contexts. We find that variations of DevOps implementations are gradual transitions on what we call a DevOps continuum. Based on this insight, we propose a conceptual model which fosters our understanding of the DevOps phenomenon, relates DevOps to existing theories, and identifies new paths for future research.

[1]  Renate E. Meyer,et al.  The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism , 2017 .

[2]  Ephraim R. McLean,et al.  Information Systems Success: The Quest for the Dependent Variable , 1992, Inf. Syst. Res..

[3]  Pasi Kuvaja,et al.  An Exploratory Study of DevOps Extending the Dimensions of DevOps with Practices , 2016 .

[4]  Weidong Xia,et al.  Toward Agile: An Integrated Analysis of Quantitative and Qualitative Field Data , 2010, MIS Q..

[5]  Lan Cao,et al.  A framework for adapting agile development methodologies , 2009, Eur. J. Inf. Syst..

[6]  Jan Recker,et al.  How Agile Practices Impact Customer Responsiveness and Development Success: A Field Study , 2017 .

[7]  Klaas-Jan Stol,et al.  Continuous software engineering: A roadmap and agenda , 2017, J. Syst. Softw..

[8]  Jason Bennett Thatcher,et al.  A Control-Alignment Model for Product Orientation in DevOps Teams-A Multinational Case Study , 2019, ICIS.

[9]  K. Eisenhardt Building theories from case study research , 1989, STUDI ORGANIZZATIVI.

[10]  Eric Overby,et al.  Enterprise agility and the enabling role of information technology , 2006, Eur. J. Inf. Syst..

[11]  Jason Sharp,et al.  Is Information Systems Late to the Party? The Current State of DevOps Research in the Association for Information Systems eLibrary , 2018, AMCIS.

[12]  Jerry N. Luftman,et al.  Key information technology and management issues 2012–2013: an international study , 2011, J. Inf. Technol..

[13]  Tsun Chow,et al.  A survey study of critical success factors in agile software projects , 2008, J. Syst. Softw..

[14]  Kathleen M. Eisenhardt,et al.  Theory Building From Cases: Opportunities And Challenges , 2007 .

[15]  Kieran Conboy,et al.  Agility from First Principles: Reconstructing the Concept of Agility in Information Systems Development , 2009, Inf. Syst. Res..

[16]  DubéLine,et al.  Rigor in information systems positivist case research , 2003 .

[17]  Asif Qumer Gill,et al.  DevOps for information management systems , 2017 .

[18]  Ephraim R. McLean,et al.  Information Systems Success Measurement , 2016, Found. Trends Inf. Syst..

[19]  Helmut Krcmar,et al.  Understanding how DevOps aligns development and operations: a tripartite model of intra-IT alignment , 2020, Eur. J. Inf. Syst..

[20]  Weidong Xia,et al.  The ability of information systems development project teams to respond to business and technology changes: a study of flexibility measures , 2005, Eur. J. Inf. Syst..

[21]  M. Agar Research Interviewing: Context and Narrative , 1988 .

[22]  A. Huberman,et al.  Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook , 1994 .

[23]  Kathleen M. Eisenhardt,et al.  Complexity Theory and Corporate Strategy , 2011 .

[24]  Ruhul A. Sarker,et al.  An optimal batch size for a JIT manufacturing system , 2002 .

[25]  Michael Hüttermann DevOps for Developers , 2012, Apress.

[26]  Keng Siau,et al.  Toward a Unified Model of Information Systems Development Success , 2010, J. Database Manag..

[27]  Pekka Abrahamsson,et al.  ‘Lots done, more to do’: the current state of agile systems development research , 2009, Eur. J. Inf. Syst..

[28]  Neda Abasi,et al.  Information systems success: the quest for the dependent variable , 2015 .

[29]  Orit Hazzan,et al.  The Agile Manifesto , 2014 .

[30]  K. Eisenhardt,et al.  The Art of Continuous Change : Linking Complexity Theory and Time-Paced Evolution in Relentlessly Shifting Organizations , 1997 .

[31]  Xiao Xiao,et al.  The Sociotechnical Axis of Cohesion for the IS Discipline: Its Historical Legacy and its Continued Relevance , 2019, MIS Q..

[32]  Rodrigo Bonifácio,et al.  Adopting DevOps in the real world: A theory, a model, and a case study , 2019, J. Syst. Softw..

[33]  R. By Organisational change management: A critical review , 2005 .

[34]  Sasa M. Dekleva,et al.  The Influence of the Information Systems Development Approach on Maintenance , 1992, MIS Q..

[35]  Frantz Rowe,et al.  Orchestrating automation and sharing in DevOps teams: a revelatory case of job satisfaction factors, risk and work conditions , 2020, Eur. J. Inf. Syst..

[36]  Gerold Riempp,et al.  The State of Research on Information Systems Success , 2009, Bus. Inf. Syst. Eng..

[37]  Xuequn Wang,et al.  The Integrated User Satisfaction Model: Assessing Information Quality and System Quality as Second-order Constructs in System Administration , 2016, Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst..

[38]  Johnny Saldaña,et al.  The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers , 2009 .

[39]  Manuel Wiesche,et al.  ARE YOU READY FOR DEVOPS? REQUIRED SKILL SET FOR DEVOPS TEAMS , 2018 .

[40]  M. D. Myers,et al.  Qualitative Research in Business & Management , 2008 .

[41]  C. Cassell,et al.  Qualitative organizational research : core methods and current challenges , 2012 .

[42]  Confirmation Model UNDERSTANDING INFORMATION SYSTEMS CONTINUANCE: AN EXPECTATION- , 2001 .

[43]  Anna Wiedemann,et al.  A New Form of Collaboration in IT Teams - Exploring the DevOps Phenomenon , 2017, PACIS.

[44]  Frantz Rowe,et al.  From Agile to DevOps: Smart Skills and Collaborations , 2020, Inf. Syst. Frontiers.

[45]  Rudy Hirschheim,et al.  Issues, challenges, and a proposed theoretical core of agile software development research , 2021, Inf. Syst. J..

[46]  Tore Dybå,et al.  What Do We Know about Agile Software Development? , 2009, IEEE Software.

[47]  Jan Bosch,et al.  From Efficiency to Effectiveness: Delivering Business Value Through Software , 2019, ICSOB.

[48]  James C. Wetherbe,et al.  Cycle Time Reduction: Concepts and Case Studies , 2000, Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst..

[49]  M. Markus,et al.  Information technology and organizational change: causal structure in theory and research , 1988 .

[50]  Jan Bosch,et al.  Towards DevOps in the Embedded Systems Domain: Why is It So Hard? , 2016, 2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS).

[51]  Brian Fitzgerald,et al.  Customising agile methods to software practices at Intel Shannon , 2006, Eur. J. Inf. Syst..

[52]  Andraž Cej,et al.  Agile software development with Scrum , 2010 .