Blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and contraceptive hormones.

A study was made of the influence of progestogen, estrogen, and a combination of these, norethindrone with mestranol (Ortho-Novum), on selected parameters of blood coagulation and the plasma fibrinolytic system. Normal women were compared with normal men or postmenopausal women, and minimal differences were seen, except for an increase of fibrinogen level in postmenopausal women. Progestogen and estrogen alone had little effect, whereas the combination caused changes in 14 of 27 parameters studied (5% level). Changes were significant only when treatment had continued for some weeks. After discontinuation, establishment of normal values for some parameters was delayed. Blood coagulation was slightly enhanced. The fibrinogen concentration remained unchanged. Spontaneous fibrinolytic activity increased and plasminogen level decreased. Inhibition of urokinase did not increase. In contrast to the coagulation changes, during hormone treatment the fibrinolytic system did not reproduce the changes occurring during pregnancy.

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