An empirical investigation of acculturative stress and ethnic identity as moderators for depression and suicidal ideation in college students.

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships of acculturative stress and ethnic identity to depressive symptomatology and suicidal ideation in college students. The SAFE Acculturative Stress Scale, Multi-Group Ethnic Identity Measure, Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Suicide Scale were administered to 452 college students. The authors found that acculturative stress and ethnic identity moderated the depression-suicide ideation relationship for African American but not European American college students. Given that vulnerability toward suicidal thoughts is increased for African American college students who report symptoms of depression accompanied by either high-acculturative stress or poor group identity, these culturally relevant factors should be included in protocol for suicide risk assessment.

[1]  Heidi S. Kulkin Msw,et al.  Suicide Among Gay and Lesbian Adolescents and Young Adults , 2008 .

[2]  David C Purselle,et al.  Cocaine and alcohol use preceding suicide in African American and white adolescents. , 2007, Journal of psychiatric research.

[3]  R. Walker,et al.  Examining a model of the relation between religiosity and suicidal ideation in a sample of African American and White college students. , 2005, Suicide & life-threatening behavior.

[4]  R. Walker,et al.  Do Sociocultural Factors Predict Suicidality Among Persons of African Descent Living in the U.S.? , 2005, Archives of suicide research : official journal of the International Academy for Suicide Research.

[5]  Nancy J. Thompson,et al.  Social environment factors associated with suicide attempt among low-income African Americans: The protective role of family relationships and social support , 2005, Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology.

[6]  S. Garlow,et al.  Ethnic differences in patterns of suicide across the life cycle. , 2005, The American journal of psychiatry.

[7]  Madonna G. Constantine,et al.  Self-concealment, social self-efficacy, acculturative stress, and depression in African, Asian, and Latin American international college students. , 2004, The American journal of orthopsychiatry.

[8]  Laura Kann,et al.  Youth risk behavior surveillance--United States, 2003. , 2004, Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries.

[9]  P. Duberstein,et al.  Risk factors for suicide in blacks and whites: an analysis of data from the 1993 National Mortality Followback Survey. , 2004, The American journal of psychiatry.

[10]  A. Price,et al.  Person factors associated with suicidal behavior among African American women and men. , 2004, Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology.

[11]  A. Roy.  African American and Caucasian attempters compared for suicide risk factors: a preliminary study. , 2003, Suicide & life-threatening behavior.

[12]  P. Drentea,et al.  Uncovering the mystery: factors of African American suicide. , 2003, Suicide & life-threatening behavior.

[13]  Freda Kemp.  Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences , 2003 .

[14]  P. Hewitt,et al.  Social Hopelessness and College Student Suicide Ideation , 2003 .

[15]  L. Hankoff.  Reducing Suicide: A National Imperative , 2003 .

[16]  L. Range,et al.  African American college women's suicide buffers. , 2003, Suicide & life-threatening behavior.

[17]  J. Swim,et al.  African American College Students’ Experiences With Everyday Racism: Characteristics of and Responses to These Incidents , 2003 .

[18]  T. Joiner,et al.  Construct validity of a measure of acculturative stress in African Americans. , 2002, Psychological assessment.

[19]  Jeanne M. Poduska,et al.  Suicidal behavior among urban, African American young adults. , 2002, Suicide & life-threatening behavior.

[20]  Thomas E Joiner,et al.  The role of acculturative stress and body dissatisfaction in predicting bulimic symptomatology across ethnic groups. , 2002, The International journal of eating disorders.

[21]  M. Thompson,et al.  Risk and protective factors for suicidal behavior in abused African American women. , 2002, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[22]  Rosemary E. Phelps,et al.  Cultural Mistrust, Ethnic Identity, Racial Identity, and Self-Esteem among Ethnically Diverse Black University Students. , 2001 .

[23]  A. E. Slaby,et al.  Comprehensive Textbook of Suicidology , 2001 .

[24]  S. Manson,et al.  Suicide prevention in American Indian and Alaska Native communities: a critical review of programs. , 2001, Suicide & life-threatening behavior.

[25]  C. Palmer.  African Americans, Depression, and Suicide Risk , 2001 .

[26]  S. Molock,et al.  Cultural orientation, family cohesion, and family support in suicide ideation and depression among African American college students. , 2000, Suicide & life-threatening behavior.

[27]  L. Morrison,et al.  Racial differences in self-disclosure of suicidal ideation and reasons for living: implications for training. , 2000, Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology.

[28]  M. Silverman,et al.  Comprehensive Textbook of Suicidology , 2000 .

[29]  J. Hovey,et al.  Acculturative stress, depression, and suicidal ideation among Central American immigrants. , 2000, Suicide & life-threatening behavior.

[30]  J. Hovey,et al.  Acculturative stress, depression, and suicidal ideation in Mexican immigrants. , 2000, Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology.

[31]  J. Nevitt,et al.  African American Acculturation and Black Racial Identity: A Preliminary Investigation. , 2000 .

[32]  D. McIntyre,et al.  Multicultural perspectives on suicide , 1999 .

[33]  David Lester.  Locus of Control and Suicidality , 1999, Perceptual and motor skills.

[34]  L. Mâsse,et al.  The Structure of Ethnic Identity of Young Adolescents from Diverse Ethnocultural Groups , 1999 .

[35]  J. Brook,et al.  Drug Use among African Americans: Ethnic Identity as a Protective Factor , 1998, Psychological reports.

[36]  J. Hovey,et al.  Acculturative Stress, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation among Mexican-American Adolescents: Implications for the Development of Suicide Prevention Programs in Schools , 1998, Psychological reports.

[37]  S. Stack.  The Relationship between Culture and Suicide: An Analysis of African Americans , 1998 .

[38]  J. Hovey,et al.  Suicidality among acculturating Mexican Americans: current knowledge and directions for research. , 1997, Suicide & life-threatening behavior.

[39]  J. T. Gibbs.  African-American suicide: a cultural paradox. , 1997, Suicide & life-threatening behavior.

[40]  P. Nisbet,et al.  Protective factors for suicidal black females. , 1996, Suicide & life-threatening behavior.

[41]  Jairo N. Fuertes,et al.  Using the Social, Attitudinal, Familial, and Environmental (S.A.F.E.) Acculturation Stress Scale to assess the adjustment needs of Hispanic college students. , 1996 .

[42]  S. West,et al.  Experimental personality designs: analyzing categorical by continuous variable interactions. , 1996, Journal of personality.

[43]  P. Richter,et al.  PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE BECK DEPRESSION INVENTORY , 1994 .

[44]  S. Molock,et al.  Suicidal Behavior among African American College Students: A Preliminary Study , 1994 .

[45]  R. Akers,et al.  "It's a White thing": An exploration of beliefs about suicide in the African-American community. , 1993 .

[46]  Barbara Daniel.  Suicide and ethnicity in the United States : Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry Brunner/Mazel, New York (1989). xii+ 132 pp. $21.95 Hardback; $15.95 Paperback , 1992 .

[47]  J. Phinney.  Ethnic identity in adolescents and adults: review of research. , 1990, Psychological bulletin.

[48]  J. T. Gibbs,et al.  Factors Related to Sex Differences in Suicidal Behavior among Black Youth , 1989 .

[49]  R A Steer,et al.  Scale for Suicide Ideation: psychometric properties of a self-report version. , 1988, Journal of clinical psychology.

[50]  Philip C. Kendall,et al.  Issues and recommendations regarding use of the Beck Depression Inventory , 1987, Cognitive Therapy and Research.

[51]  A. Padilla,et al.  Acculturative Stress and Specific Coping Strategies among Immigrant and Later Generation College Students , 1987 .

[52]  J. Selkin.  The legacy of Emile Durkheim. , 1983, Suicide & life-threatening behavior.

[53]  Jacob Cohen,et al.  Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences , 1979 .

[54]  L. Gise,et al.  Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry , 1979 .

[55]  P. W. Bowman,et al.  PHS Public Health Service , 1963 .

[56]  Edward Seidman,et al.  The development of ethnic identity during adolescence. , 2006, Developmental psychology.

[57]  G. Marín,et al.  Acculturation: Advances in theory, measurement, and applied research. , 2003 .

[58]  D. Satcher.  Mental Health: Culture, Race, and Ethnicity—A Supplement to Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General , 2001 .

[59]  Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance: National College Health Risk Behavior Survey--United States, 1995. , 1997, MMWR. CDC surveillance summaries : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. CDC surveillance summaries.

[60]  G. Holmbeck.  Toward terminological, conceptual, and statistical clarity in the study of mediators and moderators: examples from the child-clinical and pediatric psychology literatures. , 1997, Journal of consulting and clinical psychology.

[61]  J. Neff,et al.  Race/ethnicity, acculturation, and psychological distress: Fatalism and religiosity as cultural resources , 1993 .

[62]  L. Anderson.  Acculturative stress: A theory of relevance to black Americans , 1991 .

[63]  Larry E. Toothaker,et al.  Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions , 1991 .

[64]  R. Malgady,et al.  Acculturation and mental health status among Hispanics. Convergence and new directions for research. , 1991, The American psychologist.

[65]  A. Beck,et al.  Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation , 1988 .

[66]  J. T. Gibbs.  Black adolescents and youth: an endangered species. , 1984, The American journal of orthopsychiatry.

[67]  R. Davis.  Suicide among young blacks: trends and perspectives. , 1980, Phylon.