A GIS-microscopic simulation approach for optimizing road barrier placement and configuration in university campus emergency evacuation

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to create a framework that integrates GIS and microscopic simulation to optimize the placement of road barriers in emergency evacuation and assess the effectiveness via simulation. Human populations are at risk from many hazards including man-made and natural disasters, sudden events that are difficult to predict and prevent, but have catastrophic consequences. A critical issue in disaster management is timely evacuation that considers the dynamic traffic demand and congestions under dynamic hazard conditions. University campuses face a unique challenge in developing effective emergency evacuation plans due to their complex site configurations, high-dense buildings and dynamic spatial-temporal distribution of population. Design/methodology/approach – The framework was implemented and tested on the main campus of the Western Michigan University to optimize the placement and configuration of road barriers to achieve an effective utilization of road network when the dem...

[1]  Mithilesh Jha,et al.  Emergency Evacuation Planning with Microscopic Traffic Simulation , 2004 .

[2]  Thomas J. Cova,et al.  A network flow model for lane-based evacuation routing , 2003 .

[3]  Lidia Montero,et al.  COMBINING MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC APPROACHES FOR TRANSPORTATION PLANNING AND DESIGN OF ROAD NETWORKS , 1998 .

[4]  Anthony F. Han.  TEVACS: Decision Support System for Evacuation Planning in Taiwan , 1990 .

[5]  Eil Kwon,et al.  Evaluation of Emergency Evacuation Strategies for Downtown Event Traffic Using a Dynamic Network Model , 2005 .

[6]  Peter Hidas,et al.  Modelling vehicle interactions in microscopic simulation of merging and weaving , 2005 .

[7]  F. Benjamin Zhan,et al.  Agent-based modelling and simulation of urban evacuation: relative effectiveness of simultaneous and staged evacuation strategies , 2008, J. Oper. Res. Soc..

[8]  Gang-Len Chang,et al.  Simulation-Based Emergency Evacuation System for Ocean City, Maryland, during Hurricanes , 2005 .

[9]  Alexander Stepanov,et al.  Production , Manufacturing and Logistics Multi-objective evacuation routing in transportation networks , 2009 .

[10]  Lars Bernard,et al.  Integration of GIS and Spatio‐temporal Simulation Models: Interoperable Components for Different Simulation Strategies , 2000, Trans. GIS.

[11]  Richard J. Healy,et al.  Emergency and disaster planning , 1969 .

[12]  Alexiadis,et al.  INTEGRATED PLANNING/SIMULATION METHODOLOGY FOR ANALYSIS OF TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS , 1994 .

[13]  Thomas M. Kisko,et al.  Regional Evacuation Modeling System (REMS): A decision support system for emergency area evacuations , 1991 .

[14]  R. Jayakrishnan,et al.  Microscopic-Macroscopic Models Systems Integration: A Simulation Case Study for ATMIS , 2005, Simul..

[15]  Elise Miller-Hooks,et al.  traffic signal timing for urban evacuation , 2007 .

[16]  Léon J. M. Rothkrantz,et al.  Microscopic traffic simulation with reactive driving agents , 2001, ITSC 2001. 2001 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems. Proceedings (Cat. No.01TH8585).

[17]  Richard W. Eglese,et al.  Integrating simulation modelling and GIS: spatial decision support systems for evacuation planning , 2000, J. Oper. Res. Soc..

[18]  Justin Siegel,et al.  An Integrated Framework for Traffic Analysis Combining Macroscopic and Microscopic Models , 2005 .

[19]  Haris N. Koutsopoulos,et al.  Hybrid Mesoscopic-Microscopic Traffic Simulation , 2004 .

[20]  Hubo Cai,et al.  A Method to Develop and Optimize the Placement of Road Barriers in Emergency Evacuation for University Campuses , 2010 .

[21]  Fang Yuan,et al.  An Implementation Framework for Integrating Regional Planning Model with Microscopic Traffic Simulation , 2009 .

[22]  Antoine G. Hobeika,et al.  A Decision Support System for Developing Evacuation Plans around Nuclear Power Stations , 1994 .

[23]  Lidia Montero,et al.  A combined methodology for transportation planning assessment. Application to a case study , 2001 .

[24]  John Meaker,et al.  Agent-Based Modeling and Analysis of Hurricane Evacuation Procedures for the Florida Keys , 2006 .

[25]  Michael Pidd,et al.  A simulation model for emergency evacuation , 1996 .

[26]  Keith C. Clarke,et al.  Loose-Coupling a Cellular Automaton Model and GIS: Long-Term Urban Growth Prediction for San Francisco and Washington/Baltimore , 1998, Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci..

[27]  C. Y. David Yang,et al.  Integrating GIS and Microscopic Traffic Simulation to Analyze Impacts of Transportation Infrastructure Construction , 2012, J. Comput. Civ. Eng..

[28]  Kara M. Kockelman,et al.  Intersection Origin–Destination Flow Optimization Problem for Evacuation Network Design , 2011 .

[29]  F. Southworth,et al.  Regional Evacuation Modeling: A State of the Art Reviewing , 1991 .

[30]  Yasser Abdel-Rady I. Mohamed,et al.  Construction Research Congress 2010: Innovation for Reshaping Construction Practice , 2010 .

[31]  Eric Bonabeau,et al.  Agent-based modeling: Methods and techniques for simulating human systems , 2002, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.