Automatic Design of Analog Electrical Circuits using Genetic Programming

The design (synthesis) of analog electrical circuits entails the creation of both the topology and sizing (numerical values) of all of the circuit's components. There has previously been no general automated technique for automatically designing an analog electrical circuit from a high-level statement of the circuit's desired behavior. This chapter introduces genetic programming and shows how it can be used to automate the design of both the topology and sizing of a suite of five prototypical analog circuits, including a lowpass filter, a tri-state frequency discriminator circuit, a 60 dB amplifier, a computational circuit for the square root, and a time-optimal robot controller circuit. The problem-specific information required for each of the eight problems is minimal and consists primarily of the number of inputs and outputs of the desired circuit, the types of available components, and a fitness measure that restates the high-level statement of the circuit's desired behavior as a measurable mathematical quantity. All five of these genetically evolved circuits constitute instances of an evolutionary computation technique solving a problem that is usually thought to require human intelligence.

[1]  Arthur L. Samuel,et al.  Some Studies in Machine Learning Using the Game of Checkers , 1967, IBM J. Res. Dev..

[2]  Dr. Susumu Ohno.  Evolution by Gene Duplication , 1970, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

[3]  Jim Thomas,et al.  Proceedings of the First Annual Conference on Restoration of Coastal Vegetation in Florida : May 4, 1974, Hillsborough Community College, Tampa, Florida , 1974 .

[4]  John H. Holland,et al.  Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems: An Introductory Analysis with Applications to Biology, Control, and Artificial Intelligence , 1992 .

[5]  David E. Goldberg,et al.  Genetic Algorithms in Search Optimization and Machine Learning , 1988 .

[6]  Hiroaki Kitano,et al.  Designing Neural Networks Using Genetic Algorithms with Graph Generation System , 1990, Complex Syst..

[7]  Yuval Davidor,et al.  Genetic algorithms and robotics , 1991 .

[8]  John R. Koza,et al.  Genetic Programming: The Movie , 1992 .

[9]  John R. Koza,et al.  Genetic programming - on the programming of computers by means of natural selection , 1993, Complex adaptive systems.

[10]  Ben H. Jansen,et al.  Nonlinear Dynamical Analysis of the EEG: Proceedings of the Second Annual Conference , 1993 .

[11]  Rob A. Rutenbar.  Analog design automation: Where are we? Where are we going? , 1993, Proceedings of IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference - CICC '93.

[12]  Una-May O'Reilly,et al.  Genetic Programming II: Automatic Discovery of Reusable Programs. , 1994, Artificial Life.

[13]  E. Hillebrand,et al.  Genetic Algorithms in Optimization, Simulation and Modeling , 1994 .

[14]  John R. Koza,et al.  Genetic programming II (videotape): the next generation , 1994 .

[15]  Richard J. Bauer,et al.  Genetic Algorithms and Investment Strategies , 1994 .

[16]  J. K. Kinnear,et al.  Advances in Genetic Programming , 1994 .

[17]  O. Aaserud,et al.  Trends in current analog design - a panel debate , 1995 .

[18]  J. B. Grimbleby,et al.  Automatic analogue network synthesis using genetic algorithms , 1995 .

[19]  John R. Koza,et al.  Evolving the Architecture of a Multi-part Program in Genetic Programming Using Architecture-Altering Operations , 1995, Evolutionary Programming.

[20]  Domine Leenaerts,et al.  DARWIN: CMOS opamp Synthesis by Means of a Genetic Algorithm , 1995, 32nd Design Automation Conference.

[21]  M. A. Keane,et al.  Four problems for which a computer program evolved by genetic programming is competitive with human performance , 1996, Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation.

[22]  John R. Koza,et al.  Automated WYWIWYG design of both the topology and component values of electrical circuits using genetic programming , 1996 .

[23]  Adrian Thompson,et al.  Silicon evolution , 1996 .

[24]  Zbigniew Michalewicz,et al.  Genetic Algorithms + Data Structures = Evolution Programs , 1996, Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

[25]  John R. Koza,et al.  Use of automatically defined functions and architecture-altering operations in automated circuit synthesis with genetic programming , 1996 .

[26]  John R. Koza,et al.  Automated Design of Both the Topology and Sizing of Analog Electrical Circuits Using Genetic Programming , 1996 .

[27]  John R. Koza,et al.  Evolution of a 60 Decibel Op Amp Using Genetic Programming , 1996, ICES.

[28]  Scott Brave,et al.  Evolving deterministic finite automata using cellular encoding , 1996 .

[29]  John R. Koza,et al.  Automated synthesis of computational circuits using genetic programming , 1997, Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation (ICEC '97).

[30]  Wolfgang Banzhaf,et al.  Genetic Programming: An Introduction , 1997 .

[31]  Kim Fung Man,et al.  Genetic algorithms for control and signal processing , 1997, Proceedings of the IECON'97 23rd International Conference on Industrial Electronics, Control, and Instrumentation (Cat. No.97CH36066).

[32]  John R. Koza,et al.  Automatic programming of a time-optimal robot controller and an analog electrical circuit to implement the robot controller by means of genetic programming , 1997, Proceedings 1997 IEEE International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation CIRA'97. 'Towards New Computational Principles for Robotics and Automation'.

[33]  Dorothea Heiss-Czedik,et al.  An Introduction to Genetic Algorithms. , 1997, Artificial Life.

[34]  Mitsuo Gen,et al.  Genetic algorithms and engineering design , 1997 .

[35]  John R. Koza,et al.  Evolution using genetic programming of a low-distortion, 96 decibel operational amplifier , 1997, SAC '97.

[36]  John R. Koza,et al.  Automated synthesis of analog electrical circuits by means of genetic programming , 1997, IEEE Trans. Evol. Comput..